K R Hirsch1,2, A E Smith-Ryan3,4, M N M Blue1,2, M G Mock1, E T Trexler1,2. 1. Applied Physiology Lab, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, 209 Fetzer Hall, CB# 8700, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-8700, USA. 2. Human Movement Science Curriculum, Department of Allied Health Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. 3. Applied Physiology Lab, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, 209 Fetzer Hall, CB# 8700, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-8700, USA. abbsmith@email.unc.edu. 4. Human Movement Science Curriculum, Department of Allied Health Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. abbsmith@email.unc.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Low resting metabolic rate (RMR) and high carbohydrate reliance at rest are associated with weight gain, but are highly variable in obese individuals. This study determined the relationship of total and segmental body composition and adiposity hormones with RMR and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) in overweight and obese adults. METHODS: In 49 men (n = 23) and premenopausal women (n = 26) [mean ± SD; age = 35.0 ± 8.9 years; body mass index (BMI) = 33.6 ± 5.2 kg·m-2; percent body fat (%fat) = 40.0 ± 8.0%], RMR and RER were evaluated using indirect calorimetry. Total and segmental body composition [fat mass (FM), percent fat (%fat), lean mass (LM), visceral adipose tissue (VAT)] were estimated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Fasted blood and saliva samples were analyzed for insulin, leptin, estradiol, and cortisol. RESULTS: In men (M) and women (W), RMR significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with FM (M: R = 0.535; W: R = 0.784) and LM (M: R = 0.645; W: R = 0.867). Of the segmental measures, trunk LM (M: R = 0.593; W: R = 0.879; p < 0.05) and leg LM (M: R = 0.664; W: R = 0.821; p < 0.05) had the strongest correlations with RMR. In men, but not women, RER significantly correlated with FM (R = 0.449; p = 0.032), trunk FM (R = 0.501; p = 0.015), and VAT (R = 0.456; p = 0.029). In men, RMR positively correlated with cortisol (R = 0.430, p = 0.040) and estradiol (R = 0.649, p = 0.001) and RER positively correlated with insulin (R = 0.525, p = 0.010). In women, RMR positively correlated with insulin (R = 0.570, p = 0.006), but RER was not significantly correlated with hormones (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Segmental evaluation of body composition, specifically in the lower extremities and abdomen, may be an effective and efficient way to evaluate metabolic status. Sex-specific evaluations are also imperative.
PURPOSE: Low resting metabolic rate (RMR) and high carbohydrate reliance at rest are associated with weight gain, but are highly variable in obese individuals. This study determined the relationship of total and segmental body composition and adiposity hormones with RMR and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) in overweight and obese adults. METHODS: In 49 men (n = 23) and premenopausal women (n = 26) [mean ± SD; age = 35.0 ± 8.9 years; body mass index (BMI) = 33.6 ± 5.2 kg·m-2; percent body fat (%fat) = 40.0 ± 8.0%], RMR and RER were evaluated using indirect calorimetry. Total and segmental body composition [fat mass (FM), percent fat (%fat), lean mass (LM), visceral adipose tissue (VAT)] were estimated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Fasted blood and saliva samples were analyzed for insulin, leptin, estradiol, and cortisol. RESULTS: In men (M) and women (W), RMR significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with FM (M: R = 0.535; W: R = 0.784) and LM (M: R = 0.645; W: R = 0.867). Of the segmental measures, trunk LM (M: R = 0.593; W: R = 0.879; p < 0.05) and leg LM (M: R = 0.664; W: R = 0.821; p < 0.05) had the strongest correlations with RMR. In men, but not women, RER significantly correlated with FM (R = 0.449; p = 0.032), trunk FM (R = 0.501; p = 0.015), and VAT (R = 0.456; p = 0.029). In men, RMR positively correlated with cortisol (R = 0.430, p = 0.040) and estradiol (R = 0.649, p = 0.001) and RER positively correlated with insulin (R = 0.525, p = 0.010). In women, RMR positively correlated with insulin (R = 0.570, p = 0.006), but RER was not significantly correlated with hormones (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Segmental evaluation of body composition, specifically in the lower extremities and abdomen, may be an effective and efficient way to evaluate metabolic status. Sex-specific evaluations are also imperative.
Authors: R P Shook; G A Hand; A E Paluch; X Wang; R Moran; J R Hébert; J M Jakicic; S N Blair Journal: Eur J Clin Nutr Date: 2015-11-25 Impact factor: 4.016
Authors: Katie R Hirsch; Casey E Greenwalt; Hannah E Saylor; Lacey M Gould; Courtney H Harrison; Gabrielle J Brewer; Malia N M Blue; Arny A Ferrando; Kim M Huffman; Elizabeth J Mayer-Davis; Eric D Ryan; Abbie E Smith-Ryan Journal: Physiol Rep Date: 2021-01
Authors: Delicia Shu Qin Ooi; Jennifer Qiu Rong Ling; Fang Yi Ong; E Shyong Tai; Christiani Jeyakumar Henry; Melvin Khee Shing Leow; Eric Yin Hao Khoo; Chuen Seng Tan; Mary Foong Fong Chong; Chin Meng Khoo; Yung Seng Lee Journal: Nutrients Date: 2021-11-26 Impact factor: 5.717
Authors: Małgorzata Godala; Ewa Sewerynek; Dominik Maślach; Michalina Krzyżak; Ewelina Gaszyńska Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-03-07 Impact factor: 3.390