Michael Y Ni1, Tom K Li1, Herbert Pang1, Brandford H Y Chan1, Ichiro Kawachi1, Kasisomayajula Viswanath1, Catherine Mary Schooling1, Gabriel Matthew Leung1. 1. Michael Yuxuan Ni, Tom Kung Li, Herbert Hei Pang, Brandford Ho Chan, Catherine Mary Schooling, and Gabriel Matthew Leung are with the School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. Ichiro Kawachi and Kasisomayajula Viswanath are with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To examine the longitudinal patterns and predictors of depression trajectories before, during, and after Hong Kong's 2014 Occupy Central/Umbrella Movement. METHODS: In a prospective study, between March 2009 and November 2015, we interviewed 1170 adults randomly sampled from the population-representative FAMILY Cohort. We used the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to assess depressive symptoms and probable major depression. We investigated pre-event and time-varying predictors of depressive symptoms. RESULTS: We identified 4 trajectories: resistant (22.6% of sample), resilient (37.0%), mild depressive symptoms (32.5%), and persistent moderate depression (8.0%). Baseline predictors that appeared to protect against persistent moderate depression included higher household income (odds ratio [OR] = 0.18; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.06, 0.56), greater psychological resilience (OR = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.48, 0.82), more family harmony (OR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.56, 0.83), higher family support (OR = 0.80; 95% CI = 0.69, 0.92), better self-rated health (OR = 0.28; 95% CI = 0.16, 0.49), and fewer depressive symptoms (OR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.43, 0.81). CONCLUSIONS: Depression trajectories after a major protest are comparable to those after major population events. Health care professionals should be aware of the mental health consequences during and after social movements, particularly among individuals lacking social support.
OBJECTIVES: To examine the longitudinal patterns and predictors of depression trajectories before, during, and after Hong Kong's 2014 Occupy Central/Umbrella Movement. METHODS: In a prospective study, between March 2009 and November 2015, we interviewed 1170 adults randomly sampled from the population-representative FAMILY Cohort. We used the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to assess depressive symptoms and probable major depression. We investigated pre-event and time-varying predictors of depressive symptoms. RESULTS: We identified 4 trajectories: resistant (22.6% of sample), resilient (37.0%), mild depressive symptoms (32.5%), and persistent moderate depression (8.0%). Baseline predictors that appeared to protect against persistent moderate depression included higher household income (odds ratio [OR] = 0.18; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.06, 0.56), greater psychological resilience (OR = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.48, 0.82), more family harmony (OR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.56, 0.83), higher family support (OR = 0.80; 95% CI = 0.69, 0.92), better self-rated health (OR = 0.28; 95% CI = 0.16, 0.49), and fewer depressive symptoms (OR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.43, 0.81). CONCLUSIONS:Depression trajectories after a major protest are comparable to those after major population events. Health care professionals should be aware of the mental health consequences during and after social movements, particularly among individuals lacking social support.
Authors: Michael Y Ni; Tom K Li; Herbert Pang; Brandford H Y Chan; Betty Y Yuan; Ichiro Kawachi; C Mary Schooling; Gabriel M Leung Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2016-10-19 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Katherine L Musliner; Trine Munk-Olsen; Thomas M Laursen; William W Eaton; Peter P Zandi; Preben B Mortensen Journal: JAMA Psychiatry Date: 2016-04 Impact factor: 21.596
Authors: Margaret K Ho; Alina A Bharwani; Candi M C Leung; Hugo Cogo-Moreira; Yishan Wang; Mathew S C Chow; Xiaoyan Fan; Sandro Galea; Gabriel M Leung; Michael Y Ni Journal: Transl Psychiatry Date: 2022-05-17 Impact factor: 7.989