Kevin M Fain1, G Caleb Alexander1, David D Dore2,3, Jodi B Segal4, Andrew R Zullo3, Carlos Castillo-Salgado1. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. 2. Optum Epidemiology, Waltham, Massachusetts. 3. Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island. 4. Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To quantify prescription analgesic use of elderly nursing home (NH) residents with persistent noncancer pain and to identify individual and facility traits associated with no treatment. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Linked Minimum Data Set (MDS) assessments; Online Survey, Certification and Reporting (OSCAR) records; and Medicare Part D claims. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals aged 65 and older with persistent noncancer pain were identified from a cross-section of all long-stay U.S. NH residents with an MDS assessment and Medicare Part D enrollment in 2008, excluding those who were terminally ill, those with Alzheimer's disease, and those with the most-severe cognitive impairment. MEASUREMENTS: Residents with moderate to severe daily pain on consecutive assessments at least 90 days apart constituted the cohort with persistent pain. Part D dispensing for an opioid or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) within 30 days of persistent pain onset was identified. Information on resident and facility characteristics was obtained from MDS and OSCAR records. Associations between resident and facility attributes and pain treatment were estimated using multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Of the study sample of 18,526 residents with persistent pain, 3,094 (16.7%) did not receive prescription analgesics, 12,815 (69.2%) received a prescription opioid, 485 (2.6%) received a prescription NSAID, and 2,132 (11.5%) received a prescription opioid and NSAID. After adjusting for potentially confounding covariates, residents who were older (≥95, odds ratio (OR) = 2.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.70-2.49), more cognitively impaired (moderately severe cognitive impairment, OR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.71-2.62), or black (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.03-1.39) or Asian (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.22-3.20) were less likely to receive a prescription analgesic. CONCLUSION: Through 2008, pain remained undertreated in NHs, especially in certain subpopulations, including cognitively impaired and older residents. Changes in pain management practice and policies may be necessary to target these vulnerable residents.
OBJECTIVES: To quantify prescription analgesic use of elderly nursing home (NH) residents with persistent noncancer pain and to identify individual and facility traits associated with no treatment. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Linked Minimum Data Set (MDS) assessments; Online Survey, Certification and Reporting (OSCAR) records; and Medicare Part D claims. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals aged 65 and older with persistent noncancer pain were identified from a cross-section of all long-stay U.S. NH residents with an MDS assessment and Medicare Part D enrollment in 2008, excluding those who were terminally ill, those with Alzheimer's disease, and those with the most-severe cognitive impairment. MEASUREMENTS: Residents with moderate to severe daily pain on consecutive assessments at least 90 days apart constituted the cohort with persistent pain. Part D dispensing for an opioid or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) within 30 days of persistent pain onset was identified. Information on resident and facility characteristics was obtained from MDS and OSCAR records. Associations between resident and facility attributes and pain treatment were estimated using multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Of the study sample of 18,526 residents with persistent pain, 3,094 (16.7%) did not receive prescription analgesics, 12,815 (69.2%) received a prescription opioid, 485 (2.6%) received a prescription NSAID, and 2,132 (11.5%) received a prescription opioid and NSAID. After adjusting for potentially confounding covariates, residents who were older (≥95, odds ratio (OR) = 2.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.70-2.49), more cognitively impaired (moderately severe cognitive impairment, OR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.71-2.62), or black (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.03-1.39) or Asian (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.22-3.20) were less likely to receive a prescription analgesic. CONCLUSION: Through 2008, pain remained undertreated in NHs, especially in certain subpopulations, including cognitively impaired and older residents. Changes in pain management practice and policies may be necessary to target these vulnerable residents.
Authors: Kimberly S Reynolds; Laura C Hanson; Robert F DeVellis; Martha Henderson; Karen E Steinhauser Journal: J Pain Symptom Manage Date: 2008-02-15 Impact factor: 3.612
Authors: R Bernabei; G Gambassi; K Lapane; F Landi; C Gatsonis; R Dunlop; L Lipsitz; K Steel; V Mor Journal: JAMA Date: 1998-06-17 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Aida B Won; Kate L Lapane; Sue Vallow; Jeff Schein; John N Morris; Lewis A Lipsitz Journal: J Am Geriatr Soc Date: 2004-06 Impact factor: 5.562
Authors: Vikram R Comondore; P J Devereaux; Qi Zhou; Samuel B Stone; Jason W Busse; Nikila C Ravindran; Karen E Burns; Ted Haines; Bernadette Stringer; Deborah J Cook; Stephen D Walter; Terrence Sullivan; Otavio Berwanger; Mohit Bhandari; Sarfaraz Banglawala; John N Lavis; Brad Petrisor; Holger Schünemann; Katie Walsh; Neera Bhatnagar; Gordon H Guyatt Journal: BMJ Date: 2009-08-04
Authors: Jacob N Hunnicutt; Stavroula A Chrysanthopoulou; Christine M Ulbricht; Anne L Hume; Jennifer Tjia; Kate L Lapane Journal: J Am Geriatr Soc Date: 2017-09-21 Impact factor: 5.562
Authors: Andrea Iaboni; Michael A Campitelli; Susan E Bronskill; Christina Diong; Matthew Kumar; Laura C Maclagan; Tara Gomes; Mina Tadrous; Colleen J Maxwell Journal: CMAJ Open Date: 2019-09-23
Authors: Barbara Resnick; Marie Boltz; Elizabeth Galik; Sarah Holmes; Erin Vigne; Steven Fix; Shijun Zhu Journal: Pain Manag Nurs Date: 2019-05-10 Impact factor: 1.929
Authors: Jacob N Hunnicutt; Anne L Hume; Christine M Ulbricht; Jennifer Tjia; Kate L Lapane Journal: Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf Date: 2018-06-04 Impact factor: 2.890
Authors: Hemalkumar B Mehta; Yong-Fang Kuo; Mukaila Raji; Shuang Li; Jordan Westra; James S Goodwin Journal: J Am Med Dir Assoc Date: 2020-06-27 Impact factor: 4.669
Authors: Mary Ersek; Princess V Nash; Michelle M Hilgeman; Moni B Neradilek; Keela A Herr; Phoebe R Block; Amber N Collins Journal: J Am Geriatr Soc Date: 2019-12-23 Impact factor: 7.538