Vanessa Chrepa1, Brandon Pitcher2, Michael A Henry3, Anibal Diogenes4. 1. Department of Endodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas. 2. Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas. 3. Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; University of Colorado School of Dental Medicine, Aurora, Colorado. 4. Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas. Electronic address: Diogenes@uthscsa.edu.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Apical papilla represents a source of an enriched mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) population (stem cells of the apical papilla [SCAPs]) that modulates root development and may participate in regenerative endodontic procedures in immature teeth with pulp necrosis. The characteristics and phenotype of this tissue in the presence of inflammation are largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to characterize a human apical papilla sample that was isolated from an immature tooth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis. METHODS: Inflamed periapical tissue that included part of the apical papilla (apical papilla clinical sample [CS]) was collected from an immature mandibular premolar previously diagnosed with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis during an apexification procedure. Harvested cells from this tissue (SCAP CS) were compared with inflamed periapical progenitor cells (IPAPCs) and normal SCAP (SCAP-RP89) in flow cytometry and quantitative osteogenesis experiments. Part of the issue was further processed for immunohistochemistry and compared with apical papilla and coronal pulp sections from normal immature teeth as well as inflamed periapical tissues from mature teeth. RESULTS: Similar to SCAP-RP89, 96.6% of the SCAP CS coexpressed the MSC markers CD73, CD90, and CD105, whereas only 66.3% of IPAPCs coexpressed all markers. The SCAP CS showed a significantly greater mineralization potential than both SCAP-RP89 and IPAPCs. Finally, immunohistochemical analysis revealed moderate infiltration of cells expressing the inflammatory markers CD45/68 in the apical papilla CS and prominent CD24, CD105, and von Willebrand factor expression. CONCLUSIONS: Under inflammatory conditions, human apical papilla was found moderately inflamed with retained SCAP vitality and stemness and increased osteogenic and angiogenesis potential.
INTRODUCTION: Apical papilla represents a source of an enriched mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) population (stem cells of the apical papilla [SCAPs]) that modulates root development and may participate in regenerative endodontic procedures in immature teeth with pulp necrosis. The characteristics and phenotype of this tissue in the presence of inflammation are largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to characterize a human apical papilla sample that was isolated from an immature tooth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis. METHODS: Inflamed periapical tissue that included part of the apical papilla (apical papilla clinical sample [CS]) was collected from an immature mandibular premolar previously diagnosed with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis during an apexification procedure. Harvested cells from this tissue (SCAPCS) were compared with inflamed periapical progenitor cells (IPAPCs) and normal SCAP (SCAP-RP89) in flow cytometry and quantitative osteogenesis experiments. Part of the issue was further processed for immunohistochemistry and compared with apical papilla and coronal pulp sections from normal immature teeth as well as inflamed periapical tissues from mature teeth. RESULTS: Similar to SCAP-RP89, 96.6% of the SCAPCS coexpressed the MSC markers CD73, CD90, and CD105, whereas only 66.3% of IPAPCs coexpressed all markers. The SCAPCS showed a significantly greater mineralization potential than both SCAP-RP89 and IPAPCs. Finally, immunohistochemical analysis revealed moderate infiltration of cells expressing the inflammatory markers CD45/68 in the apical papillaCS and prominent CD24, CD105, and von Willebrand factor expression. CONCLUSIONS: Under inflammatory conditions, human apical papilla was found moderately inflamed with retained SCAP vitality and stemness and increased osteogenic and angiogenesis potential.
Authors: Yang Zhang; Lichan Yuan; Li Meng; Mengru Fang; Shuyu Guo; Dongyue Wang; Junqing Ma; Lin Wang Journal: Int J Mol Med Date: 2018-11-07 Impact factor: 4.101
Authors: José Luis Sanz; Leopoldo Forner; Alicia Almudéver; Julia Guerrero-Gironés; Carmen Llena Journal: Materials (Basel) Date: 2020-02-21 Impact factor: 3.623