Pressuring techniques and cement thickness for cast restorations.

1. Dynamic pressure produced thinner cement films than static pressure. The cement film was thinner with vibratory pressure than with the mallet. The thickness was slightly less with vertical vibration than with horizontal vibration. Horizontal vibration seemed preferable because it could be used with increased pressure without causing trauma or pain. 2. The combination of static pressure followed by dynamic pressure produced thinner cement films than any individual pressuring technique. 3. The optimal technique for clinical use is to seat the casting by finger pressure and then apply horizontal vibration under hand pressure.