Florian Milatz1,2, Sascha Ketelhut3,4, Reinhard G Ketelhut3,5,6. 1. Programmbereich Epidemiologie, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany. milatzfl@gmail.com. 2. Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany. milatzfl@gmail.com. 3. Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany. 4. Institut für Sportwissenschaft, Martin-Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Seckendorff-Platz 2, 06120, Halle, Germany. 5. Medical Center Berlin (MCB), Perleberger Str. 51, 10559, Berlin, Germany. 6. Abteilung Sportmedizin, Institut für Sportwissenschaft, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstraße 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Arterial dysfunction develops early in life even in individuals with modest cardiovascular risk. Stress is associated with increased risk in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. AIM: The main objectives of this study were to investigate the acute effects of moderate continuous training (MCT) on established markers of arterial stiffness and cardiovascular risk during standardized cold pressor stress testing (CPT). METHODS: 29 young healthy male subjects (33.7 ± 8 years, BMI 24 ± 2 kg/m2) performed a 60-min period of moderate upright bicycle exercise with 65% of maximum heart rate. Before (t0), 45 (t45) as well as 60 (t60) min after exercise peripheral pulse pressure (PP) as well as augmentation index at a set heart rate (AIx@75) were assessed non-invasively at rest using an oscillometric device. Immediately after t0 and t60 PP and AIx@75 were registered at the end of a 2 min CPT. RESULTS: PP (p = 0.005) and AIx@75 (p = 0.04) were reduced below pre-exercise level at t60. In contrast to CPT before exercise, there were significant reductions in PP (p = 0.039) as well as AIx@75 (p = 0.002) during CPT after exercise. Additionally, there was a negative correlation between maximal oxygen consumption and AIx@75 (r = -0.42, p = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS: Acute MCT decreased PP and reduces AIx@75 after 60 min of recovery. Furthermore, PP and AIx@75 showed reduced values after completion of MCT indicating attenuated hemodynamic response to stress testing after MCT. Moreover, higher physical conditioning status was associated with more favorable effects on stress test-related arterial compliance.
INTRODUCTION: Arterial dysfunction develops early in life even in individuals with modest cardiovascular risk. Stress is associated with increased risk in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. AIM: The main objectives of this study were to investigate the acute effects of moderate continuous training (MCT) on established markers of arterial stiffness and cardiovascular risk during standardized cold pressor stress testing (CPT). METHODS: 29 young healthy male subjects (33.7 ± 8 years, BMI 24 ± 2 kg/m2) performed a 60-min period of moderate upright bicycle exercise with 65% of maximum heart rate. Before (t0), 45 (t45) as well as 60 (t60) min after exercise peripheral pulse pressure (PP) as well as augmentation index at a set heart rate (AIx@75) were assessed non-invasively at rest using an oscillometric device. Immediately after t0 and t60 PP and AIx@75 were registered at the end of a 2 min CPT. RESULTS: PP (p = 0.005) and AIx@75 (p = 0.04) were reduced below pre-exercise level at t60. In contrast to CPT before exercise, there were significant reductions in PP (p = 0.039) as well as AIx@75 (p = 0.002) during CPT after exercise. Additionally, there was a negative correlation between maximal oxygen consumption and AIx@75 (r = -0.42, p = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS: Acute MCT decreased PP and reduces AIx@75 after 60 min of recovery. Furthermore, PP and AIx@75 showed reduced values after completion of MCT indicating attenuated hemodynamic response to stress testing after MCT. Moreover, higher physical conditioning status was associated with more favorable effects on stress test-related arterial compliance.
Authors: B Dischl; R P Engelberger; B Gojanovic; L Liaudet; G Gremion; B Waeber; F Feihl Journal: Scand J Med Sci Sports Date: 2011-03-21 Impact factor: 4.221
Authors: Carol Ewing Garber; Bryan Blissmer; Michael R Deschenes; Barry A Franklin; Michael J Lamonte; I-Min Lee; David C Nieman; David P Swain Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 2011-07 Impact factor: 5.411
Authors: Giuseppe Mancia; Robert Fagard; Krzysztof Narkiewicz; Josep Redon; Alberto Zanchetti; Michael Böhm; Thierry Christiaens; Renata Cifkova; Guy De Backer; Anna Dominiczak; Maurizio Galderisi; Diederick E Grobbee; Tiny Jaarsma; Paulus Kirchhof; Sverre E Kjeldsen; Stéphane Laurent; Athanasios J Manolis; Peter M Nilsson; Luis Miguel Ruilope; Roland E Schmieder; Per Anton Sirnes; Peter Sleight; Margus Viigimaa; Bernard Waeber; Faiez Zannad; Josep Redon; Anna Dominiczak; Krzysztof Narkiewicz; Peter M Nilsson; Michel Burnier; Margus Viigimaa; Ettore Ambrosioni; Mark Caufield; Antonio Coca; Michael Hecht Olsen; Roland E Schmieder; Costas Tsioufis; Philippe van de Borne; Jose Luis Zamorano; Stephan Achenbach; Helmut Baumgartner; Jeroen J Bax; Héctor Bueno; Veronica Dean; Christi Deaton; Cetin Erol; Robert Fagard; Roberto Ferrari; David Hasdai; Arno W Hoes; Paulus Kirchhof; Juhani Knuuti; Philippe Kolh; Patrizio Lancellotti; Ales Linhart; Petros Nihoyannopoulos; Massimo F Piepoli; Piotr Ponikowski; Per Anton Sirnes; Juan Luis Tamargo; Michal Tendera; Adam Torbicki; William Wijns; Stephan Windecker; Denis L Clement; Antonio Coca; Thierry C Gillebert; Michal Tendera; Enrico Agabiti Rosei; Ettore Ambrosioni; Stefan D Anker; Johann Bauersachs; Jana Brguljan Hitij; Mark Caulfield; Marc De Buyzere; Sabina De Geest; Geneviève Anne Derumeaux; Serap Erdine; Csaba Farsang; Christian Funck-Brentano; Vjekoslav Gerc; Giuseppe Germano; Stephan Gielen; Herman Haller; Arno W Hoes; Jens Jordan; Thomas Kahan; Michel Komajda; Dragan Lovic; Heiko Mahrholdt; Michael Hecht Olsen; Jan Ostergren; Gianfranco Parati; Joep Perk; Jorge Polonia; Bogdan A Popescu; Zeljko Reiner; Lars Rydén; Yuriy Sirenko; Alice Stanton; Harry Struijker-Boudier; Costas Tsioufis; Philippe van de Borne; Charalambos Vlachopoulos; Massimo Volpe; David A Wood Journal: Eur Heart J Date: 2013-06-14 Impact factor: 29.983