M Elizabeth Hartnett1. 1. John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City Utah, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Currently, severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is diagnosed by clinical evaluation and not a laboratory test. Laser is still considered standard care. However, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents are being used and there are questions whether and/or if to use them, what dose or type of agent should be considered and what agent may be most beneficial in specific cases. Also unclear are the effects of laser or anti-VEGF on severe ROP, refractive outcomes or infant development. This article reviews recent studies related to these questions and other trials for severe ROP. RECENT FINDINGS: Imaging studies identify biomarkers of risk (plus disease, stage 3 ROP, and ROP in zone I). Intravitreal bevacizumab or ranibizumab are reported effective in treating aggressive posterior ROP in small series. Recurrences and effects on myopia vary among studies. Use of anti-VEGF agents affects cytokines in the infant blood and reduces systemic VEGF for up to 2 months, raising potential safety concerns. The effects of treatment vary based on infant size and are not comparable. Evidence for most studies is not high. SUMMARY: Studies support experimental evidence that inhibiting VEGF reduces stage 3 ROP and peripheral avascular retina. Ongoing large-scale clinical trials may provide clarity for best treatments of severe ROP. Current guidelines hold for screening and treatment for type 1 ROP.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Currently, severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is diagnosed by clinical evaluation and not a laboratory test. Laser is still considered standard care. However, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents are being used and there are questions whether and/or if to use them, what dose or type of agent should be considered and what agent may be most beneficial in specific cases. Also unclear are the effects of laser or anti-VEGF on severe ROP, refractive outcomes or infant development. This article reviews recent studies related to these questions and other trials for severe ROP. RECENT FINDINGS: Imaging studies identify biomarkers of risk (plus disease, stage 3 ROP, and ROP in zone I). Intravitreal bevacizumab or ranibizumab are reported effective in treating aggressive posterior ROP in small series. Recurrences and effects on myopia vary among studies. Use of anti-VEGF agents affects cytokines in the infant blood and reduces systemic VEGF for up to 2 months, raising potential safety concerns. The effects of treatment vary based on infant size and are not comparable. Evidence for most studies is not high. SUMMARY: Studies support experimental evidence that inhibiting VEGF reduces stage 3 ROP and peripheral avascular retina. Ongoing large-scale clinical trials may provide clarity for best treatments of severe ROP. Current guidelines hold for screening and treatment for type 1 ROP.
Authors: Ann Hellström; David Ley; Ingrid Hansen-Pupp; Boubou Hallberg; Luca A Ramenghi; Chatarina Löfqvist; Lois E H Smith; Anna-Lena Hård Journal: Am J Perinatol Date: 2016-09-07 Impact factor: 1.862
Authors: Laura L Snyder; Jose Maria Garcia-Gonzalez; Michael J Shapiro; Michael P Blair Journal: Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina Date: 2016-03 Impact factor: 1.300
Authors: Malte Cremer; Stephanie Roll; Charlotte Gräf; Andreas Weimann; Christoph Bührer; Christof Dame Journal: Early Hum Dev Date: 2015-07-25 Impact factor: 2.079
Authors: R V Paul Chan; Samir N Patel; Michael C Ryan; Karyn E Jonas; Susan Ostmo; Alexander D Port; Grace I Sun; Andreas K Lauer; Michael F Chiang Journal: Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc Date: 2015
Authors: Prakesh S Shah; Kei Lui; Gunnar Sjörs; Lucia Mirea; Brian Reichman; Mark Adams; Neena Modi; Brian A Darlow; Satoshi Kusuda; Laura San Feliciano; Junmin Yang; Stellan Håkansson; Rintaro Mori; Dirk Bassler; Josep Figueras-Aloy; Shoo K Lee Journal: J Pediatr Date: 2016-05-24 Impact factor: 4.406
Authors: Yona Nicolau; Fayez Bany-Mohammed; Charles L Cai; Jacob V Aranda; Kay D Beharry Journal: Am J Transl Res Date: 2018-07-15 Impact factor: 4.060
Authors: Dupe S Ademola-Popoola; Iretiola B Fajolu; Clare Gilbert; Bolutife A Olusanya; Oluwatoyin H Onakpoya; Chinyelu N Ezisi; Kareem O Musa; Robison Vernon Paul Chan; Valentina W Okeigbemen; Rilwan C Muhammad; Aeesha N J Malik; Adedayo O Adio; Olubunmi T Bodunde; Abdulkadir L Rafindadi; Tunji S Oluleye; Olukemi O Tongo; Sarat A Badmus; Olufunmilayo V Adebara; Tapas Ranjan Padhi; Beatrice N Ezenwa; Tokunbo S Obajolowo; Lateefat B Olokoba; Victoria A Olatunji; Yewande Olubunmi Babalola; Mary O Ugalahi; Adetunji Adenekan; Omotayo O Adesiyun; Jagdish Sahoo; Marilyn T Miller; Odarosa M Uhumwangho; Adeduntan S Olagbenro; Ebunoluwa A Adejuyigbe; Chinyere V C Ezeaka; Olugbenga Mokuolu; Tinuade A Ogunlesi; Olusoga B Ogunfowora; Isa Abdulkadir; Fatima L Abdullahi; Abosede T Fabiyi; Laila H L Hassan; Aderonke M Baiyeroju; Peace I Opara; Kehinde Oladigbolu; Augusta U Eneh; Bassey E Fiebai; Fatima A Mahmud-Ajeigbe; Elijah N Peter; Hawwa S Abdullahi Journal: BMJ Open Ophthalmol Date: 2021-08-23
Authors: Chae Young Kim; Euiseok Jung; Eun Na Kim; Chong Jai Kim; Joo Yong Lee; Ji Hye Hwang; Woo Sun Song; Byong Sop Lee; Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim; Ki-Soo Kim Journal: J Pathol Transl Med Date: 2018-07-16