J P Bouchara1,2, B Mignon3, V Chaturvedi4. 1. UNIV Bretagne-Loire, University of Angers, University of Brest, Host-Pathogen Interactions Study Group (EA 3142), Angers, France. 2. Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France. 3. Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium. 4. California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA, USA. eic@mycopathologia.net.