Alastair Forbes1, Johanna Escher2, Xavier Hébuterne3, Stanisław Kłęk4, Zeljko Krznaric5, Stéphane Schneider6, Raanan Shamir7, Kalina Stardelova8, Nicolette Wierdsma9, Anthony E Wiskin10, Stephan C Bischoff11. 1. Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Bob Champion Building, James Watson Road, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom. Electronic address: alastair.forbes@uea.ac.uk. 2. Erasmus Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Office Sp-3460, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: j.escher@erasmusmc.nl. 3. Gastroentérologie et Nutrition Clinique, CHU de Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France. Electronic address: hebuterne.x@chu-nice.fr. 4. General and Oncology Surgery Unit, Stanley Dudrick's Memorial Hospital, 15 Tyniecka Street, 32-050, Skawina, Krakau, Poland. Electronic address: klek@poczta.onet.pl. 5. Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address: zeljko.krznaric1@zg.t-com.hr. 6. Gastroentérologie et Nutrition Clinique, CHU de Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France. Electronic address: stephane.schneider@unice.fr. 7. Tel-Aviv University, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, 14 Kaplan St., Petach-Tikva, 49202, Israel. Electronic address: shamirraanan@gmail.com. 8. University Clinic for Gastroenterohepatology, Clinical Centre "Mother Therese", Mother Therese Str No 18, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia. Electronic address: kalina.stardelova@gmail.com. 9. VU University Medical Center, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: N.Wierdsma@vumc.nl. 10. Paediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition Unit, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS2 8BJ, United Kingdom. Electronic address: a.wiskin@nhs.net. 11. Institut für Ernährungsmedizin (180) Universität Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany. Electronic address: bischoff.stephan@uni-hohenheim.de.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The ESPEN guideline presents a multidisciplinary focus on clinical nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODOLOGY: The guideline is based on extensive systematic review of the literature, but relies on expert opinion when objective data were lacking or inconclusive. The conclusions and 64 recommendations have been subject to full peer review and a Delphi process in which uniformly positive responses (agree or strongly agree) were required. RESULTS: IBD is increasingly common and potential dietary factors in its aetiology are briefly reviewed. Malnutrition is highly prevalent in IBD - especially in Crohn's disease. Increased energy and protein requirements are observed in some patients. The management of malnutrition in IBD is considered within the general context of support for malnourished patients. Treatment of iron deficiency (parenterally if necessary) is strongly recommended. Routine provision of a special diet in IBD is not however supported. Parenteral nutrition is indicated only when enteral nutrition has failed or is impossible. The recommended perioperative management of patients with IBD undergoing surgery accords with general ESPEN guidance for patients having abdominal surgery. Probiotics may be helpful in UC but not Crohn's disease. Primary therapy using nutrition to treat IBD is not supported in ulcerative colitis, but is moderately well supported in Crohn's disease, especially in children where the adverse consequences of steroid therapy are proportionally greater. However, exclusion diets are generally not recommended and there is little evidence to support any particular formula feed when nutritional regimens are constructed. CONCLUSIONS: Available objective data to guide nutritional support and primary nutritional therapy in IBD are presented as 64 recommendations, of which 9 are very strong recommendations (grade A), 22 are strong recommendations (grade B) and 12 are based only on sparse evidence (grade 0); 21 recommendations are good practice points (GPP).
INTRODUCTION: The ESPEN guideline presents a multidisciplinary focus on clinical nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODOLOGY: The guideline is based on extensive systematic review of the literature, but relies on expert opinion when objective data were lacking or inconclusive. The conclusions and 64 recommendations have been subject to full peer review and a Delphi process in which uniformly positive responses (agree or strongly agree) were required. RESULTS: IBD is increasingly common and potential dietary factors in its aetiology are briefly reviewed. Malnutrition is highly prevalent in IBD - especially in Crohn's disease. Increased energy and protein requirements are observed in some patients. The management of malnutrition in IBD is considered within the general context of support for malnourished patients. Treatment of iron deficiency (parenterally if necessary) is strongly recommended. Routine provision of a special diet in IBD is not however supported. Parenteral nutrition is indicated only when enteral nutrition has failed or is impossible. The recommended perioperative management of patients with IBD undergoing surgery accords with general ESPEN guidance for patients having abdominal surgery. Probiotics may be helpful in UC but not Crohn's disease. Primary therapy using nutrition to treat IBD is not supported in ulcerative colitis, but is moderately well supported in Crohn's disease, especially in children where the adverse consequences of steroid therapy are proportionally greater. However, exclusion diets are generally not recommended and there is little evidence to support any particular formula feed when nutritional regimens are constructed. CONCLUSIONS: Available objective data to guide nutritional support and primary nutritional therapy in IBD are presented as 64 recommendations, of which 9 are very strong recommendations (grade A), 22 are strong recommendations (grade B) and 12 are based only on sparse evidence (grade 0); 21 recommendations are good practice points (GPP).
Authors: G Pellino; D S Keller; G M Sampietro; V Annese; M Carvello; V Celentano; C Coco; F Colombo; N Cracco; F Di Candido; M Franceschi; S Laureti; G Mattioli; L Pio; G Sciaudone; G Sica; V Villanacci; R Zinicola; S Leone; S Danese; A Spinelli; G Delaini; F Selvaggi Journal: Tech Coloproctol Date: 2020-01-25 Impact factor: 3.781
Authors: Roland N Dickerson; Vanessa J Kumpf; Angela L Bingham; Allison B Blackmer; Todd W Canada; Lingtak-Neander Chan; Sarah V Cogle; Anne M Tucker Journal: Hosp Pharm Date: 2018-05-30
Authors: Christopher Andrew Lamb; Nicholas A Kennedy; Tim Raine; Philip Anthony Hendy; Philip J Smith; Jimmy K Limdi; Bu'Hussain Hayee; Miranda C E Lomer; Gareth C Parkes; Christian Selinger; Kevin J Barrett; R Justin Davies; Cathy Bennett; Stuart Gittens; Malcolm G Dunlop; Omar Faiz; Aileen Fraser; Vikki Garrick; Paul D Johnston; Miles Parkes; Jeremy Sanderson; Helen Terry; Daniel R Gaya; Tariq H Iqbal; Stuart A Taylor; Melissa Smith; Matthew Brookes; Richard Hansen; A Barney Hawthorne Journal: Gut Date: 2019-09-27 Impact factor: 23.059