Jirada Sringean1, Chanawat Anan1, Chusak Thanawattano2, Roongroj Bhidayasiri3. 1. Chulalongkorn Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease & Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. 2. Biomedical Signal Processing Laboratory, National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC), Pathumthani, Thailand. 3. Chulalongkorn Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease & Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: rbh@chulapd.org.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nocturnal hypokinesia is a common night-time symptom in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, there is still little understanding of the nature, and variations of severity of this symptom. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the severity of nocturnal hypokinesia and sleep positions in PD patients using multisite wearable sensors. METHODS: Nocturnal parameters and sleep positions in 18 PD couples were assessed and compared using wearable sensors (limbs and trunk) for one night in their homes. Nocturnal parameters included number, velocity, acceleration, degree, limb movements and the number of times they got out of bed. RESULTS: PD patients had significantly fewer episodes of turns in bed than their spouses (p=0.043), which was associated with significantly slower speed (p=0.005), acceleration (p=0.005) and fewer degrees (p=0.017). When we split the night into the first and second half, significant findings were mainly demonstrated in the second half of the night, including significantly fewer turns (p=0.02) with smaller degrees (p=0.017), slower speed (p=0.005) and acceleration (p=0.007). No significant differences in these parameters were shown in the first half of the night except for smaller degrees of turn in bed in PD patients (p=0.028) and slower acceleration (p=0.037). In addition, PD patients spent significantly more time in a supine position compared to their spouses (p=0.031) with significantly less time in a prone position (p=0.041). CONCLUSION: Nocturnal hypokinesia gets worse as the night progresses. Treatment of nocturnal hypokinesia should aim at providing a continuous dopaminergic delivery that can achieve a sustained therapeutic level of dopamine throughout the night.
BACKGROUND:Nocturnal hypokinesia is a common night-time symptom in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, there is still little understanding of the nature, and variations of severity of this symptom. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the severity of nocturnal hypokinesia and sleep positions in PDpatients using multisite wearable sensors. METHODS: Nocturnal parameters and sleep positions in 18 PD couples were assessed and compared using wearable sensors (limbs and trunk) for one night in their homes. Nocturnal parameters included number, velocity, acceleration, degree, limb movements and the number of times they got out of bed. RESULTS:PDpatients had significantly fewer episodes of turns in bed than their spouses (p=0.043), which was associated with significantly slower speed (p=0.005), acceleration (p=0.005) and fewer degrees (p=0.017). When we split the night into the first and second half, significant findings were mainly demonstrated in the second half of the night, including significantly fewer turns (p=0.02) with smaller degrees (p=0.017), slower speed (p=0.005) and acceleration (p=0.007). No significant differences in these parameters were shown in the first half of the night except for smaller degrees of turn in bed in PDpatients (p=0.028) and slower acceleration (p=0.037). In addition, PDpatients spent significantly more time in a supine position compared to their spouses (p=0.031) with significantly less time in a prone position (p=0.041). CONCLUSION:Nocturnal hypokinesia gets worse as the night progresses. Treatment of nocturnal hypokinesia should aim at providing a continuous dopaminergic delivery that can achieve a sustained therapeutic level of dopamine throughout the night.