Sandeep Saxena1, Surabhi Ruia, Senthamizh Prasad, Astha Jain, Nibha Mishra, Shankar M Natu, Carsten H Meyer, Jagjit S Gilhotra, Peter Kruzliak, Levent Akduman. 1. *Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India;Departments of †Social and Preventive Medicine, and‡Pathology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India;§Department of Ophthalmology, Pallas Klinik, Olten, Switzerland;¶Department of Ophthalmology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia;**Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; and††Department of Ophthalmology, Saint Louis University Eye Institute, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of serum urea and creatinine as surrogate markers for disruption of retinal photoreceptor external limiting membrane (ELM) and inner segment ellipsoid zone (EZ) in Type 2 diabetic retinopathy (DR) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, for the first time. METHODS: One hundred and seventeen consecutive cases of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (diabetes without retinopathy [No DR; n = 39], nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy [NPDR; n = 39], proliferative diabetic retinopathy [PDR; n = 39]) and 40 healthy control subjects were included. Serum levels of urea and creatinine were assessed using standard protocol. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography was used to grade the disruption of ELM and EZ as follows: Grade 0, no disruption of ELM and EZ; Grade 1, ELM disrupted, EZ intact; Grade 2, ELM and EZ disrupted. Data were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Increase in serum levels of urea (F = 22.93) and creatinine (F = 15.82) and increased grades of disruption of ELM and EZ (γ = 116.3) were observed with increased severity of DR (P < 0.001). Increase in serum levels of urea (F = 10.45) and creatinine (F = 6.89) was observed with increased grades of disruption of ELM and EZ (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Serum levels of urea and creatinine are surrogate markers for disruption of retinal photoreceptor ELM and EZ on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in DR.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of serum urea and creatinine as surrogate markers for disruption of retinal photoreceptor external limiting membrane (ELM) and inner segment ellipsoid zone (EZ) in Type 2 diabetic retinopathy (DR) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, for the first time. METHODS: One hundred and seventeen consecutive cases of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (diabetes without retinopathy [No DR; n = 39], nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy [NPDR; n = 39], proliferative diabetic retinopathy [PDR; n = 39]) and 40 healthy control subjects were included. Serum levels of urea and creatinine were assessed using standard protocol. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography was used to grade the disruption of ELM and EZ as follows: Grade 0, no disruption of ELM and EZ; Grade 1, ELM disrupted, EZ intact; Grade 2, ELM and EZ disrupted. Data were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Increase in serum levels of urea (F = 22.93) and creatinine (F = 15.82) and increased grades of disruption of ELM and EZ (γ = 116.3) were observed with increased severity of DR (P < 0.001). Increase in serum levels of urea (F = 10.45) and creatinine (F = 6.89) was observed with increased grades of disruption of ELM and EZ (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Serum levels of urea and creatinine are surrogate markers for disruption of retinal photoreceptor ELM and EZ on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in DR.
Authors: Bum-Joo Cho; So Hyun Bae; Sang Min Park; Min Chul Shin; In Won Park; Ha Kyoung Kim; Soonil Kwon Journal: PLoS One Date: 2019-08-08 Impact factor: 3.240