Courtney M Peterson1,2, Mahdi Orooji3, Deanna N Johnson4, Mort Naraghi-Pour5, Eric Ravussin1. 1. Human Translational Physiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA. 2. Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. 3. Center for Computational Imaging and Personalized Diagnostics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. 4. School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. 5. Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) generates heat in response to cold, and low BAT activity has been linked to obesity. However, recent studies were inconclusive as to whether BAT is involved in diet-induced thermogenesis and mitigates weight gain from prolonged overeating. Therefore, this study investigated whether BAT activity is related to metabolic adaptation arising from 8 weeks of overfeeding in humans. METHODS: Fourteen men (aged 24 ± 3 years, BMI 24.5 ± 1.6 kg/m2 ) were overfed by 40% for 8 weeks. Before and after, energy expenditure and metabolic adaptation were measured by whole-room respiratory calorimetry. A marker of BAT activity was measured using infrared imaging of the supraclavicular BAT depot. RESULTS: At the end of 8 weeks of overfeeding, metabolic adaptation-defined as the percent increase in sleeping energy expenditure beyond that expected from weight gain-rose from -0.9 ± 3.9% to 4.7 ± 5.6% (P = 0.001). However, BAT thermal activity was unchanged (P = 0.81). Moreover, BAT thermal activity did not correlate with the degree of metabolic adaptation (P = 0.32) or with the change in body weight (P = 0.51). CONCLUSIONS: BAT thermal activity does not change in response to overfeeding, nor does it correlate with adaptive thermogenesis. Our data suggest that BAT does not mediate metabolic adaptation to overeating in humans.
OBJECTIVE: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) generates heat in response to cold, and low BAT activity has been linked to obesity. However, recent studies were inconclusive as to whether BAT is involved in diet-induced thermogenesis and mitigates weight gain from prolonged overeating. Therefore, this study investigated whether BAT activity is related to metabolic adaptation arising from 8 weeks of overfeeding in humans. METHODS: Fourteen men (aged 24 ± 3 years, BMI 24.5 ± 1.6 kg/m2 ) were overfed by 40% for 8 weeks. Before and after, energy expenditure and metabolic adaptation were measured by whole-room respiratory calorimetry. A marker of BAT activity was measured using infrared imaging of the supraclavicular BAT depot. RESULTS: At the end of 8 weeks of overfeeding, metabolic adaptation-defined as the percent increase in sleeping energy expenditure beyond that expected from weight gain-rose from -0.9 ± 3.9% to 4.7 ± 5.6% (P = 0.001). However, BAT thermal activity was unchanged (P = 0.81). Moreover, BAT thermal activity did not correlate with the degree of metabolic adaptation (P = 0.32) or with the change in body weight (P = 0.51). CONCLUSIONS: BAT thermal activity does not change in response to overfeeding, nor does it correlate with adaptive thermogenesis. Our data suggest that BAT does not mediate metabolic adaptation to overeating in humans.
Authors: Wouter D van Marken Lichtenbelt; Patrick Schrauwen; Stephanie van De Kerckhove; Margriet S Westerterp-Plantenga Journal: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Date: 2002-05 Impact factor: 4.310
Authors: Véronique Ouellet; Sébastien M Labbé; Denis P Blondin; Serge Phoenix; Brigitte Guérin; François Haman; Eric E Turcotte; Denis Richard; André C Carpentier Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 2012-01-24 Impact factor: 14.808
Authors: Wouter D van Marken Lichtenbelt; Joost W Vanhommerig; Nanda M Smulders; Jamie M A F L Drossaerts; Gerrit J Kemerink; Nicole D Bouvy; Patrick Schrauwen; G J Jaap Teule Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2009-04-09 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Aaron M Cypess; Sanaz Lehman; Gethin Williams; Ilan Tal; Dean Rodman; Allison B Goldfine; Frank C Kuo; Edwin L Palmer; Yu-Hua Tseng; Alessandro Doria; Gerald M Kolodny; C Ronald Kahn Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2009-04-09 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Otto Muzik; Thomas J Mangner; William R Leonard; Ajay Kumar; James Janisse; James G Granneman Journal: J Nucl Med Date: 2013-01-29 Impact factor: 10.057
Authors: Courtney M Peterson; Virgile Lecoultre; Elizabeth A Frost; Jonathan Simmons; Leanne M Redman; Eric Ravussin Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring) Date: 2015-11-23 Impact factor: 5.002
Authors: Brittany Begaye; Paolo Piaggi; Marie S Thearle; Kaitlyn Haskie; Mary Walter; Mathias Schlögl; Susan Bonfiglio; Jonathan Krakoff; Karyne L Vinales Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2018-07-01 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado; Francisco M Acosta; Borja Martinez-Tellez; Graham Finlayson; Catherine Gibbons; Idoia Labayen; Jose M Llamas-Elvira; Angel Gil; John E Blundell; Jonatan R Ruiz Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2020-02-01 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Kelsey A Heenan; Andres E Carrillo; Jacob L Fulton; Edward J Ryan; Jason R Edsall; Dimitrios Rigopoulos; Melissa M Markofski; Andreas D Flouris; Petros C Dinas Journal: Nutrients Date: 2020-09-10 Impact factor: 5.717