Nicolas Anger1, Bruno Fogliani2,3, Charles P Scutt4, Gildas Gâteblé1. 1. Institut Agronomique néo-Calédonien (IAC), BP 73 Port Laguerre, 98890?Païta, New Caledonia. 2. Institut Agronomique néo-Calédonien (IAC), BP 73 Port Laguerre, 98890 Païta, New Caledonia. 3. Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC), Laboratoire Insulaire du Vivant et de l'Environnement (LIVE), 98851 Nouméa, New Caledonia. 4. Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes (UMR 5667: CNRS-INRA-Université de Lyon), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon (ENS-Lyon), 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
Abstract
Background and Aims: This work aimed to gain insight into the breeding system at the base of living angiosperms through both character state reconstructions and the study of sex ratios and phenotypes in the likely sister to all other living angiosperms, Amborella trichopoda . Methods: Sex phenotypes were mapped onto a phylogeny of basally diverging angiosperms using maximum parsimony. In parallel, sex ratios and phenotypes were studied over two consecutive flowering seasons in an ex situ population of A. trichopoda , while the sex ratio of an in situ population was also assessed. Key Results: Parsimony analyses failed to resolve the breeding system present at the base of living angiosperms, but indicated the importance of A. trichopoda for the future elucidation of this question. The ex situ A. trichopoda population studied showed a primary sex ratio close to 1:1, though sex ratio bias was found in the in situ population studied. Instances of sexual instability were quantified in both populations. Conclusions: Sex ratio data support the presence of genetic sex determination in A. trichopoda , whose further elucidation may guide inferences on the breeding system at the base of living angiosperms. Sexual instability in A. trichopoda suggests the operation of epigenetic mechanisms, and the evolution of dioecy via a gynodioecious intermediate.
Background and Aims: This work aimed to gain insight into the breeding system at the base of living angiosperms through both character state reconstructions and the study of sex ratios and phenotypes in the likely sister to all other living angiosperms, Amborella trichopoda . Methods: Sex phenotypes were mapped onto a phylogeny of basally diverging angiosperms using maximum parsimony. In parallel, sex ratios and phenotypes were studied over two consecutive flowering seasons in an ex situ population of A. trichopoda , while the sex ratio of an in situ population was also assessed. Key Results: Parsimony analyses failed to resolve the breeding system present at the base of living angiosperms, but indicated the importance of A. trichopoda for the future elucidation of this question. The ex situ A. trichopoda population studied showed a primary sex ratio close to 1:1, though sex ratio bias was found in the in situ population studied. Instances of sexual instability were quantified in both populations. Conclusions: Sex ratio data support the presence of genetic sex determination in A. trichopoda , whose further elucidation may guide inferences on the breeding system at the base of living angiosperms. Sexual instability in A. trichopoda suggests the operation of epigenetic mechanisms, and the evolution of dioecy via a gynodioecious intermediate.
Authors: William J D Iles; Paula J Rudall; Dmitry D Sokoloff; Margarita V Remizowa; Terry D Macfarlane; Maria D Logacheva; Sean W Graham Journal: Am J Bot Date: 2012-04-02 Impact factor: 3.844
Authors: Bruno Fogliani; Gildas Gâteblé; Matthieu Villegente; Isabelle Fabre; Nicolas Klein; Nicolas Anger; Carol C Baskin; Charlie P Scutt Journal: Ann Bot Date: 2017-03-01 Impact factor: 4.357
Authors: Jeffery M Saarela; Hardeep S Rai; James A Doyle; Peter K Endress; Sarah Mathews; Adam D Marchant; Barbara G Briggs; Sean W Graham Journal: Nature Date: 2007-03-15 Impact factor: 49.962
Authors: Hervé Sauquet; Maria von Balthazar; Susana Magallón; James A Doyle; Peter K Endress; Emily J Bailes; Erica Barroso de Morais; Kester Bull-Hereñu; Laetitia Carrive; Marion Chartier; Guillaume Chomicki; Mario Coiro; Raphaël Cornette; Juliana H L El Ottra; Cyril Epicoco; Charles S P Foster; Florian Jabbour; Agathe Haevermans; Thomas Haevermans; Rebeca Hernández; Stefan A Little; Stefan Löfstrand; Javier A Luna; Julien Massoni; Sophie Nadot; Susanne Pamperl; Charlotte Prieu; Elisabeth Reyes; Patrícia Dos Santos; Kristel M Schoonderwoerd; Susanne Sontag; Anaëlle Soulebeau; Yannick Staedler; Georg F Tschan; Amy Wing-Sze Leung; Jürg Schönenberger Journal: Nat Commun Date: 2017-08-01 Impact factor: 14.919