Basheer Elsolh1, Lisa Zhang2, Sunil V Patel3. 1. Queen's University School of Medicine, Kingston, ON, Canada. 2. Department of Surgery, Kingston General Hospital, 76 Stuart Street, Burr 2, Kingston, ON, K7L 2V7, Canada. 3. Department of Surgery, Kingston General Hospital, 76 Stuart Street, Burr 2, Kingston, ON, K7L 2V7, Canada. patels2@kgh.kari.net.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This meta-analysis aims to determine if antibiotic-impregnated sutures for abdominal fascial closure prevent postoperative surgical site infections (SSIs), hernias, and/or dehiscence. METHODS: MEDLINE and EMBASE databases (1946-2016) were searched. Randomized controlled trials comparing antibiotic-impregnated sutures to standard sutures for abdominal closure were eligible. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Handbooks definitions. RESULTS: Four-hundred fifty articles were reviewed; five eligible studies (N = 3117) were identified. All studies routinely used prophylactic antibiotics. Overall risk of SSI in the antibiotic-impregnated suture group was 10.4 vs. 13.0% in the control group. Pooled data showed no difference in SSI between suture types (odds ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.57-1.09, P = 0.15, I 2 = 44%). There was no evidence of subgroup effect by suture material (polydioxanone vs. polyglactin 910; P = 0.19) or by comparing colorectal surgery studies to others (P = 0.67). There was a high risk of bias in two studies, one for high loss to follow-up and one for not using an intent-to-treat analysis. CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis is the most comprehensive review on the utility of antibiotic-impregnated sutures in abdominal surgery to prevent SSI. We found no evidence to support routine use of these sutures.
OBJECTIVE: This meta-analysis aims to determine if antibiotic-impregnated sutures for abdominal fascial closure prevent postoperative surgical site infections (SSIs), hernias, and/or dehiscence. METHODS: MEDLINE and EMBASE databases (1946-2016) were searched. Randomized controlled trials comparing antibiotic-impregnated sutures to standard sutures for abdominal closure were eligible. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Handbooks definitions. RESULTS: Four-hundred fifty articles were reviewed; five eligible studies (N = 3117) were identified. All studies routinely used prophylactic antibiotics. Overall risk of SSI in the antibiotic-impregnated suture group was 10.4 vs. 13.0% in the control group. Pooled data showed no difference in SSI between suture types (odds ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.57-1.09, P = 0.15, I 2 = 44%). There was no evidence of subgroup effect by suture material (polydioxanone vs. polyglactin 910; P = 0.19) or by comparing colorectal surgery studies to others (P = 0.67). There was a high risk of bias in two studies, one for high loss to follow-up and one for not using an intent-to-treat analysis. CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis is the most comprehensive review on the utility of antibiotic-impregnated sutures in abdominal surgery to prevent SSI. We found no evidence to support routine use of these sutures.
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