A Diez-Perez1, K E Naylor2, B Abrahamsen3,4, D Agnusdei5, M L Brandi6, C Cooper7,8, E Dennison7, E F Eriksen9, D T Gold10, N Guañabens11, P Hadji12, M Hiligsmann13, R Horne14, R Josse15, J A Kanis16, B Obermayer-Pietsch17, D Prieto-Alhambra18, J-Y Reginster19, R Rizzoli20, S Silverman21, M C Zillikens22, R Eastell2. 1. Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital del Mar-IMIM-Universitat Autònoma and CIBERFES-ISCIII, P Maritim 25-29, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. adiez@parcdesalutmar.cat. 2. Academic Unit of Bone Metabolism, Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. 3. Institute of Clinical Research, Odense Patient Data Explorative Network, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. 4. Department of Medicine, Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk, Denmark. 5. Independent Scientific Consultant, Florence, Italy. 6. Mineral and Bone Metabolic Unit, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. 7. MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. 8. NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, and CIBERFES-ISCIII, Oxford, UK. 9. Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. 10. Duke University Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. 11. Rheumatology Department, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain. 12. Department of Bone Oncology, Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Nordwest Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany. 13. Department of Health Services Research, School for Public Health & Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. 14. Centre for Behavioural Medicine, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK. 15. Department of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. 16. Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, Centre for Integrated Research in Musculoskeletal Ageing, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. 17. Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. 18. Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. 19. Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium. 20. Service of Bone Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. 21. Cedars-Sinai/University of California, Los Angeles, USA. 22. Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Abstract
Adherence to oral bisphosphonates is low. A screening strategy is proposed based on the response of biochemical markers of bone turnover after 3 months of therapy. If no change is observed, the clinician should reassess the adherence to the treatment and also other potential issues with the drug. INTRODUCTION: Low adherence to oral bisphosphonates is a common problem that jeopardizes the efficacy of treatment of osteoporosis. No clear screening strategy for the assessment of compliance is widely accepted in these patients. METHODS: The International Osteoporosis Foundation and the European Calcified Tissue Society have convened a working group to propose a screening strategy to detect a lack of adherence to these drugs. The question to answer was whether the bone turnover markers (BTMs) PINP and CTX can be used to identify low adherence in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis initiating oral bisphosphonates for osteoporosis. The findings of the TRIO study specifically address this question and were used as the basis for testing the hypothesis. RESULTS: Based on the findings of the TRIO study, specifically addressing this question, the working group recommends measuring PINP and CTX at baseline and 3 months after starting therapy to check for a decrease above the least significant change (decrease of more than 38% for PINP and 56% for CTX). Detection rate for the measurement of PINP is 84%, for CTX 87% and, if variation in at least one is considered when measuring both, the level of detection is 94.5%. CONCLUSIONS: If a significant decrease is observed, the treatment can continue, but if no decrease occurs, the clinician should reassess to identify problems with the treatment, mainly low adherence.
Adherence to oral bisphosphonates is low. A screening strategy is proposed based on the response of biochemical markers of bone turnover after 3 months of therapy. If no change is observed, the clinician should reassess the adherence to the treatment and also other potential issues with the drug. INTRODUCTION: Low adherence to oral bisphosphonates is a common problem that jeopardizes the efficacy of treatment of osteoporosis. No clear screening strategy for the assessment of compliance is widely accepted in these patients. METHODS: The International Osteoporosis Foundation and the European Calcified Tissue Society have convened a working group to propose a screening strategy to detect a lack of adherence to these drugs. The question to answer was whether the bone turnover markers (BTMs) PINP and CTX can be used to identify low adherence in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis initiating oral bisphosphonates for osteoporosis. The findings of the TRIO study specifically address this question and were used as the basis for testing the hypothesis. RESULTS: Based on the findings of the TRIO study, specifically addressing this question, the working group recommends measuring PINP and CTX at baseline and 3 months after starting therapy to check for a decrease above the least significant change (decrease of more than 38% for PINP and 56% for CTX). Detection rate for the measurement of PINP is 84%, for CTX 87% and, if variation in at least one is considered when measuring both, the level of detection is 94.5%. CONCLUSIONS: If a significant decrease is observed, the treatment can continue, but if no decrease occurs, the clinician should reassess to identify problems with the treatment, mainly low adherence.
Entities:
Keywords:
Adherence; Bisphosphonates; Osteoporosis treatment; Position paper; Screening
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