Philippe Lachance1, Pierre-Marc Villeneuve1, Oleksa G Rewa1, Francis P Wilson2,3, Nicholas M Selby4, Robin M Featherstone5, Sean M Bagshaw1,6. 1. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. 2. Section Nephrology, Program of Applied Translational Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. 3. Veterans Affairs Health Center, West Haven, CT, USA. 4. Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, Centre for Kidney Research and Innovation, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK. 5. Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Alberta Research Center for Health Evidence (ARCHE), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. 6. Critical Care Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Abstract
Background: Electronic alerts (e-alerts) for acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized patients are increasingly being implemented; however, their impact on outcomes remains uncertain. Methods: We performed a systematic review. Electronic databases and grey literature were searched for original studies published between 1990 and 2016. Randomized, quasi-randomized, observational and before-and-after studies that included hospitalized patients, implemented e-alerts for AKI and described their impact on one of care processes, patient-centred outcomes or resource utilization measures were included. Results: Our search yielded six studies ( n = 10 165 patients). E-alerts were generally automated, triggered through electronic health records and not linked to clinical decision support. In pooled analysis, e-alerts did not improve mortality [odds ratio (OR) 1.05; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.84-1.31; n = 3 studies; n = 3425 patients; I 2 = 0%] or reduce renal replacement therapy (RRT) use (OR 1.20; 95% CI, 0.91-1.57; n = 2 studies; n = 3236 patients; I 2 = 0%). Isolated studies reported improvements in selected care processes. Pooled analysis found no significant differences in prescribed fluid therapy. Conclusions: In the available studies, e-alerts for AKI do not improve survival or reduce RRT utilization. The impact of e-alerts on processes of care was variable. Additional research is needed to understand those aspects of e-alerts that are most likely to improve care processes and outcomes.
Background: Electronic alerts (e-alerts) for acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized patients are increasingly being implemented; however, their impact on outcomes remains uncertain. Methods: We performed a systematic review. Electronic databases and grey literature were searched for original studies published between 1990 and 2016. Randomized, quasi-randomized, observational and before-and-after studies that included hospitalized patients, implemented e-alerts for AKI and described their impact on one of care processes, patient-centred outcomes or resource utilization measures were included. Results: Our search yielded six studies ( n = 10 165 patients). E-alerts were generally automated, triggered through electronic health records and not linked to clinical decision support. In pooled analysis, e-alerts did not improve mortality [odds ratio (OR) 1.05; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.84-1.31; n = 3 studies; n = 3425 patients; I 2 = 0%] or reduce renal replacement therapy (RRT) use (OR 1.20; 95% CI, 0.91-1.57; n = 2 studies; n = 3236 patients; I 2 = 0%). Isolated studies reported improvements in selected care processes. Pooled analysis found no significant differences in prescribed fluid therapy. Conclusions: In the available studies, e-alerts for AKI do not improve survival or reduce RRT utilization. The impact of e-alerts on processes of care was variable. Additional research is needed to understand those aspects of e-alerts that are most likely to improve care processes and outcomes.
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