Izabel Cristina Hoffmann1, Wendel Mombaque Dos Santos2, Stela Maris de Mello Padoin3, Sonia Maria Oliveira de Barros4. 1. PhD. Nurse, University Hospital, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria (RS) Brazil. 2. MSc. Nurse, University Hospital, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria (RS), Brazil. 3. PhD. Professor, Department of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria (RS), Brazil. 4. PhD. Professor, Department of Nursing, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: : Healthcare professionals need to instill the process of prevention, control and treatment of people infected with HIV into care practice. Through maintaining preventive treatment among HIV-infected pregnant women, it has been demonstrated that prophylactic antiretroviral therapy, scheduled cesarean section and the prohibition of breastfeeding significantly reduce vertical HIV transmission. This study aimed to assess the rates of vertical HIV transmission in a specialized service and identify the factors associated with it. DESIGN AND SETTING: : Cross-sectional study developed at the University Hospital of Santa Maria (RS), Brazil. METHODS: : A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 198 notification forms and medical records of HIV-positive pregnant women and exposed children. RESULTS: : The vertical transmission rate was 2.4%, and three children had been infected by vertical HIV transmission. The statistically significant risk factor was the use of injectable drugs. Delayed reporting of pregnancy, absence of antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy, lack of proper prenatal care, incapacity to perform viral load detection tests and CD4+ T cell counts and obstetric and maternal clinical complications were reported. CONCLUSIONS: : The vertical transmission rate was high and the recommended intervention measures were not adopted in full. Adequate prophylactic measures need to be implemented in HIV-positive pregnant women prenatally and during the antenatal, delivery and postpartum periods.
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: : Healthcare professionals need to instill the process of prevention, control and treatment of people infected with HIV into care practice. Through maintaining preventive treatment among HIV-infected pregnant women, it has been demonstrated that prophylactic antiretroviral therapy, scheduled cesarean section and the prohibition of breastfeeding significantly reduce vertical HIV transmission. This study aimed to assess the rates of vertical HIV transmission in a specialized service and identify the factors associated with it. DESIGN AND SETTING: : Cross-sectional study developed at the University Hospital of Santa Maria (RS), Brazil. METHODS: : A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 198 notification forms and medical records of HIV-positive pregnant women and exposed children. RESULTS: : The vertical transmission rate was 2.4%, and three children had been infected by vertical HIV transmission. The statistically significant risk factor was the use of injectable drugs. Delayed reporting of pregnancy, absence of antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy, lack of proper prenatal care, incapacity to perform viral load detection tests and CD4+ T cell counts and obstetric and maternal clinical complications were reported. CONCLUSIONS: : The vertical transmission rate was high and the recommended intervention measures were not adopted in full. Adequate prophylactic measures need to be implemented in HIV-positive pregnant women prenatally and during the antenatal, delivery and postpartum periods.
Authors: Hanalise V Huff; Paloma M Carcamo; Monica M Diaz; Jamie L Conklin; Justina Salvatierra; Rocio Aponte; Patricia J Garcia Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-06-12 Impact factor: 4.614
Authors: Vanessa Terezinha Gubert de Matos; Fabiani de Morais Batista; Naiara Valera Versage; Clarice Souza Pinto; Vanessa Marcon de Oliveira; Érica Freire de Vasconcelos-Pereira; Roberta Barbeta Dos Rios de Matos; Márcia Maria Ferrairo Janini Dal Fabbro; Ana Lúcia Lyrio de Oliveira Journal: Braz J Infect Dis Date: 2018-05-09 Impact factor: 3.257