Michal Karpiński1, Anna Galicka2, Robert Milewski3, Janusz Popko1, Vladimir Badmaev4, Sidney J Stohs5. 1. a Department of Pediatric Orthopedics and Traumatology , Medical University of Bialystok , Białystok , POLAND. 2. b Department of Medical Chemistry , Medical University of Bialystok , Białystok , POLAND. 3. c Department of Statistics and Medical Informatics , Medical University of Bialystok , Białystok , POLAND. 4. d American Medical Holdings Inc. , Staten Island , New York. 5. e School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University , Omaha , Nebraska.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Fractures of bones, especially forearm fractures, are very common in children and their number is increasing. This study was designed to determine the impact of vitamin D serum levels and vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms on the occurrence of low-energy fractures in children. METHODS: The study group consisted of 100 children with clinically relevant bone fractures and a control group consisted of 127 children without fractures. Total vitamin D [25(OH)D3 plus 25(OH)D2] serum concentrations were evaluated in every patient. Genotypes for 4 restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor gene (FokI, ApaI, TaqI, and BsmI) were determined by standard polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) techniques. RESULTS: Differences in concentrations of vitamin D were observed between the group with bone fractures (median = 12 ng/ml) and the control group (median = 16 ng/ml; p = 0.000044). Higher levels of vitamin D reduced the risk of fracture by 1.06 times (p = 0.0005). No impact of particular VDR polymorphism on the occurrence of low-energy fractures in children was detected. However, there were significant differences in the prevalence of FokI polymorphism genotypes between the fracture and control groups (p = 0.05). Furthermore, the recessive "aa" genotype of ApaI polymorphism and the dominant "TT" genotype of TaqI polymorphism were associated with higher levels of vitamin D (p = 0.005 and p = 0.036, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D deficiency is an independent risk factor for fractures in children. ApaI polymorphism recessive "aa" and TaqI polymorphism dominant "TT" genotypes are associated with higher levels of vitamin D in serum.
OBJECTIVE:Fractures of bones, especially forearm fractures, are very common in children and their number is increasing. This study was designed to determine the impact of vitamin D serum levels and vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms on the occurrence of low-energy fractures in children. METHODS: The study group consisted of 100 children with clinically relevant bone fractures and a control group consisted of 127 children without fractures. Total vitamin D [25(OH)D3 plus 25(OH)D2] serum concentrations were evaluated in every patient. Genotypes for 4 restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor gene (FokI, ApaI, TaqI, and BsmI) were determined by standard polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) techniques. RESULTS: Differences in concentrations of vitamin D were observed between the group with bone fractures (median = 12 ng/ml) and the control group (median = 16 ng/ml; p = 0.000044). Higher levels of vitamin D reduced the risk of fracture by 1.06 times (p = 0.0005). No impact of particular VDR polymorphism on the occurrence of low-energy fractures in children was detected. However, there were significant differences in the prevalence of FokI polymorphism genotypes between the fracture and control groups (p = 0.05). Furthermore, the recessive "aa" genotype of ApaI polymorphism and the dominant "TT" genotype of TaqI polymorphism were associated with higher levels of vitamin D (p = 0.005 and p = 0.036, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:Vitamin D deficiency is an independent risk factor for fractures in children. ApaI polymorphism recessive "aa" and TaqI polymorphism dominant "TT" genotypes are associated with higher levels of vitamin D in serum.
Entities:
Keywords:
25-hydroxy-vitamin D; bone fractures; children; vitamin D deficiency; vitamin D receptor polymorphism
Authors: G Yang; W Y W Lee; A L H Hung; M F Tang; X Li; A P S Kong; T F Leung; P S H Yung; K K W To; J C Y Cheng; T P Lam Journal: Osteoporos Int Date: 2021-03-11 Impact factor: 4.507
Authors: Janusz Popko; Michał Karpiński; Sylwia Chojnowska; Katarzyna Maresz; Robert Milewski; Vladimir Badmaev; Leon J Schurgers Journal: Nutrients Date: 2018-06-06 Impact factor: 5.717
Authors: Cristiano Pagnini; Andrea Picchianti-Diamanti; Vincenzo Bruzzese; Roberto Lorenzetti; Michele Maria Luchetti; Louis Severino Martin Martin; Roberta Pica; Palma Scolieri; Maria Lia Scribano; Costantino Zampaletta; Maria Sole Chimenti; Bruno Lagana Journal: Int J Mol Sci Date: 2021-02-28 Impact factor: 5.923