Jelena Vrublevska1, Marcis Trapencieris2, Sigita Snikere3, Daiga Grinberga4, Biruta Velika4, Iveta Pudule4, Elmars Rancans5. 1. Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Riga Stradins University, Tvaika street 2, LV-1005 Riga, Latvia. Electronic address: vrublevskaja@inbox.lv. 2. Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, University of Latvia, Kalpaka bulv. 4, Riga, Latvia. Electronic address: marcis@petijums.lv. 3. Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, University of Latvia, Kalpaka bulv. 4, Riga, Latvia. Electronic address: sigita@petijums.lv. 4. Centre for Disease Prevention and Control of Latvia, Department of Research, Statistics and Health Promotion, Latvia. 5. Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Riga Stradins University, Tvaika street 2, LV-1005 Riga, Latvia. Electronic address: erancans@latnet.lv.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This cross-sectional study aims to assess the 12-month prevalence of major and minor depression in the Latvian population, and to evaluate associated health care utilization. METHODS: Trained interviewers conducted face-to-face interviews with a multistage stratified probability sample of the Latvian general population, ages 15-64 (n=3003). Participants were interviewed using the depression module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Self-reported health care utilization and somatic illness were also assessed. Multinomial logistic regressions were applied. RESULTS: The 12-month prevalence of major depression was 7.9% (95%CI 7.0-8.9), while for minor depression it was 7.7% (95%CI 6.8-8.7). We did not find a substantial difference in the relative risk ratio (RRR 1.7 for female) for having major depression by gender. RRR of having major depression was higher for those who had used healthcare services six or more times (RRR 2.0), those who had three or more somatic disorders during the past 12 months (RRR 2.3), those who perceived their health status as being below average (RRR 8.3), and those who were occasional smokers (RRR 3.0). RRR of having minor depression was increased for those who had at least three somatic disorders (RRR 2.3), those who received disability pension (RRR 1.9), and those who perceived their health status to be below average (RRR 3.0). LIMITATIONS: The study was cross-sectional. Other psychiatric comorbidity was not assessed. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first population based study reporting the 12-month prevalence of depression in Latvia. Certain factors associated with depression have been found.
BACKGROUND: This cross-sectional study aims to assess the 12-month prevalence of major and minor depression in the Latvian population, and to evaluate associated health care utilization. METHODS: Trained interviewers conducted face-to-face interviews with a multistage stratified probability sample of the Latvian general population, ages 15-64 (n=3003). Participants were interviewed using the depression module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Self-reported health care utilization and somatic illness were also assessed. Multinomial logistic regressions were applied. RESULTS: The 12-month prevalence of major depression was 7.9% (95%CI 7.0-8.9), while for minor depression it was 7.7% (95%CI 6.8-8.7). We did not find a substantial difference in the relative risk ratio (RRR 1.7 for female) for having major depression by gender. RRR of having major depression was higher for those who had used healthcare services six or more times (RRR 2.0), those who had three or more somatic disorders during the past 12 months (RRR 2.3), those who perceived their health status as being below average (RRR 8.3), and those who were occasional smokers (RRR 3.0). RRR of having minor depression was increased for those who had at least three somatic disorders (RRR 2.3), those who received disability pension (RRR 1.9), and those who perceived their health status to be below average (RRR 3.0). LIMITATIONS: The study was cross-sectional. Other psychiatric comorbidity was not assessed. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first population based study reporting the 12-month prevalence of depression in Latvia. Certain factors associated with depression have been found.
Authors: Jelena Vrublevska; Viktorija Perepjolkina; Kristine Martinsone; Jelena Kolesnikova; Ilona Krone; Daria Smirnova; Konstantinos N Fountoulakis; Elmars Rancans Journal: Front Public Health Date: 2022-06-13