Amal Al-Hemidan1, Samir S Shoughy2, Igor Kozak3, Khalid F Tabbara2,4,5. 1. Habib Medical Group, Ophthalmology Department, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 2. Department of Ophthalmology, The Eye Center and The Eye Foundation for Research in Ophthalmology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 3. King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 4. Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 5. The Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute of The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of topical cysteamine 0.55% eye drops in the treatment of corneal cystine crystal deposits in patients with nephropathic cystinosis. METHODS: Thirty-two patients with nephropathic cystinosis were prospectively included in the study. Patients with corneal cystinosis were treated with topical cysteamine 0.55% eye drops. They were examined before treatment, on each monthly visit and after treatment at the last follow-up. Photophobia was classified as grade 0 (none) for no photophobia, grade 1 (mild) for photophobia in bright light, grade 2 (moderate) for photophobia in room light and grade 3 (severe) for photophobia in dim light. Corneal cystine crystals were graded as grade 0=none, grade 1=1-10 crystals/mm2, grade 2=11-50 crystals/mm2, grade 3=more than 50 crystals/mm2. The main outcome measure was evaluation of photophobia and resolution of corneal cystine crystals. RESULTS: There were 13 male and 19 female patients. The mean age was 8 years with an age range of 8 months to 19 years. The mean follow-up period was 4.1 years with a range of 2-8 years. Improvement of photophobia was not clinically significant in symptomatic patients. Patients displayed statistically significant worsening of corneal cystine deposits during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: This study has shown that topical 0.55% cysteamine eye drops may have limited effects in decreasing the corneal cystine deposits in patients with severe forms of nephropathic cystinosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02766855, Results. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of topical cysteamine 0.55% eye drops in the treatment of corneal cystine crystal deposits in patients with nephropathic cystinosis. METHODS: Thirty-two patients with nephropathic cystinosis were prospectively included in the study. Patients with corneal cystinosis were treated with topical cysteamine 0.55% eye drops. They were examined before treatment, on each monthly visit and after treatment at the last follow-up. Photophobia was classified as grade 0 (none) for no photophobia, grade 1 (mild) for photophobia in bright light, grade 2 (moderate) for photophobia in room light and grade 3 (severe) for photophobia in dim light. Corneal cystine crystals were graded as grade 0=none, grade 1=1-10 crystals/mm2, grade 2=11-50 crystals/mm2, grade 3=more than 50 crystals/mm2. The main outcome measure was evaluation of photophobia and resolution of corneal cystine crystals. RESULTS: There were 13 male and 19 female patients. The mean age was 8 years with an age range of 8 months to 19 years. The mean follow-up period was 4.1 years with a range of 2-8 years. Improvement of photophobia was not clinically significant in symptomatic patients. Patients displayed statistically significant worsening of corneal cystine deposits during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: This study has shown that topical 0.55% cysteamine eye drops may have limited effects in decreasing the corneal cystine deposits in patients with severe forms of nephropathic cystinosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02766855, Results. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.
Authors: Cristina Martín-Sabroso; Mario Alonso-González; Ana Fernández-Carballido; Juan Aparicio-Blanco; Damián Córdoba-Díaz; Federico Navarro-García; Manuel Córdoba-Díaz; Ana I Torres-Suárez Journal: Pharmaceuticals (Basel) Date: 2021-12-21