Erratum to: Mammographic texture and risk of breast cancer by tumor type and estrogen receptor status.

Erratum

After publication of the original article [1], the author noticed some errors to the article [1] which are included in this erratum. All errors reported in this erratum have been updated in the original article [1].

In the ‘Results’ section of the article Abstract, the sentence “Entropy was associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer” should be "Entropy was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer”. In the same section, the variables "FD_TH10", "FD_TH15", "FD_TH60", "FD_TH85", "FD_TH75", and "FD_TH75" should include an additional underscore so they are presented as: "FD_TH_10", "FD_TH_15", "FD_TH_60", "FD_TH_85", "FD_TH_75", and "FD_TH_75", respectively. All variables should be italicized.

In the section entitled ‘Breast texture measurements’, the sentence “the image with only constant grayscale pixels has Energy equal to 0" should state "the image with only constant grayscale pixels has Energy equal to 1".

In the ‘Results’ section of the article [1], the variable “FD_TH_75” included in sentence: “The top left and bottom left images show a top 20th percent tile value of FD_TH_75” should be included in italics.

In the ‘Abbreviations’ section, “BGTDM” should be "NGTDM". The correct version of the ‘Abbreviations’ is included in this erratum and has been updated in the original article [1].

In Table 1, in the column “Texture feature name”, the names of variables should be in italics. In addition in Table 5, in the column “Feature”, all variables should also be included in italics. The revised versions of Tables 1 and 5 are included in this erratum and have been updated in the original article [1].

Table 1

Image texture features that are currently defined for all study participants

Analysis Groups	Texture Features	Texture feature name	Reference
Gray-level Histogram	Standard deviation	STD	[7, 22, 24–26]
	Skewness	Skewness
	Kurtosis	Kurtosis
	Balance	Balance
Grey-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM)	GLCM Energy	Energy	[24, 25, 27, 29]
	GLCM Entropy	Entropy
	GLCM Dissimilarity	Dissimilarity
	GLCM Contrast	Contrast
	GLCM Homogeneity	Homogeneity
	GLCM Correlation	Correlation
	GLCM Mean	GLCM Mean
	GLCM Variance	GLCM Variance
Neighborhood Gray-tone Difference Matrix (NGTDM)	NGTDM Coarseness	NGTDM Coarseness	[24, 28, 29]
	NGTDM Contrast	NGTDM Contrast
	NGTDM Complexity	Complexity
	NGTDM Strength	Strength
	NGTDM Busyness	Busyness
Edge Frequency Analysis	Mean Gradient	Mean_Gradient	[29]
Fourier Transform Analysis, Power Spectrum	RMS	FT_RMS	[29]
	FMP (first moment of power spectrum)	FT_FMP
	SMP (second moment of power spectrum)	FT_SMP
	FD from power spectrum exponent	FT_FD
Fractal Analysis	Intercept of the plot of the standard deviation of the high frequency image as a function of the size the kernel	CD_Yint	[29–31]
	Continuous Dimension (CD), slope and intercept	CD_Slope
	HZ_PROJ	HZ_PROJ
	FD of the standard deviation	FD_Sigma
	FD of image using thresholds from 5%-85%	FD_TH_5: FD_TH_85
	FD of the surface of thebreast considering the gray value represent the height	FD_CALDWELL
	FD, Minkowski method	FD_Minkowski

Table 5

Risk associated of either DCIS or Invasive Cancer for each feature

Feature	DCIS	Invasive			ER-	ER+
	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	p-value*	p-het**	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	p-value *	p-het**
N case/control	254/1659	908/1659			116/1291	746/1291
FD_TH_75	0.87 (0.74, 1.01)	0.87 (0.78, 0.96)	0.010	0.98	0.84 (0.67, 1.06)	0.88 (0.79, 0.99)	0.048	0.72
Energy	0.88 (0.76, 1.02)	0.88 (0.80, 0.96)	0.011	0.93	0.85 (0.69, 1.05)	0.86 (0.78, 0.95)	0.009	0.90
Entropy	1.18 (1.02, 1.38)	1.13 (1.03, 1.25)	0.010	0.60	1.16 (0.93, 1.44)	1.15 (1.03, 1.28)	0.024	0.96
FD_TH_70	0.85 (0.72, 1.00)	0.87 (0.79, 0.97)	0.015	0.75	0.84 (0.67, 1.06)	0.89 (0.79, 1.00)	0.085	0.64
FD_TH_80	0.90 (0.77, 1.04)	0.89 (0.81, 0.98)	0.034	0.90	0.85 (0.68, 1.05)	0.89 (0.80, 1.00)	0.066	0.64
FD_TH_10	1.19 (1.04, 1.38)	1.09 (0.99, 1.19)	0.022	0.21	1.03 (0.84, 1.26)	1.06 (0.96, 1.18)	0.479	0.75
Kurtosis	0.86 (0.73, 1.00)	0.90 (0.81, 0.99)	0.032	0.58	0.98 (0.78, 1.22)	0.91 (0.81, 1.01)	0.216	0.53
FD_TH_65	0.84 (0.71, 0.99)	0.89 (0.80, 0.99)	0.035	0.49	0.83 (0.65, 1.06)	0.91 (0.81, 1.03)	0.170	0.46
FD_Minkowski	0.90 (0.74, 1.08)	0.86 (0.77, 0.97)	0.042	0.71	0.77 (0.59, 1.01)	0.89 (0.78, 1.01)	0.063	0.32
Busyness	1.15 (1.00, 1.33)	1.09 (1.00, 1.19)	0.053	0.46	0.92 (0.75, 1.14)	1.09 (0.99, 1.21)	0.128	0.12
Homogeneity	1.05 (0.90, 1.22)	1.13 (1.03, 1.24)	0.042	0.36	1.06 (0.86, 1.31)	1.12 (1.01, 1.24)	0.091	0.62
Dissimilarity	0.96 (0.83, 1.12)	0.89 (0.81, 0.98)	0.057	0.35	0.95 (0.77, 1.17)	0.89 (0.81, 0.99)	0.110	0.61
FD_TH_60	0.85 (0.71, 1.02)	0.9 (0.8, 1.01)	0.077	0.56	0.9 (0.69, 1.15)	0.92 (0.81, 1.04)	0.348	0.85
FD_TH_85	0.92 (0.79, 1.06)	0.91 (0.83, 1)	0.130	0.98	0.89 (0.72, 1.09)	0.91 (0.82, 1.01)	0.173	0.77
FD_TH_15	1.2 (1.04, 1.39)	1.06 (0.97, 1.16)	0.034	0.09	0.96 (0.78, 1.18)	1.05 (0.95, 1.16)	0.572	0.43

Results presented as OR per 1 SD in normalized feature after adjustment for age, family history, PD, and study

*p-value refers to 2 degree of freedom to test for evidence of associated with DCIS or invasive cancer

**Heterogeneity p-value to test for differences in effect between tumor subgroups