Irfan Ali1, Basavaraj Patthi2, Ashish Singla3, Ritu Gupta4, Kuldeep Dhama1, Lav Kumar Niraj1, Jishnu Krishna Kumar1, Monika Prasad1. 1. Tutor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J. College of Dental Sciences and Research , Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India . 2. Professor and Head, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J. College of Dental Sciences and Research , Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India . 3. Reader, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J. College of Dental Sciences and Research , Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India . 4. Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J. College of Dental Sciences and Research , Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India .
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Oral contraceptives are one of the risk factors for gingival disease. Oral contraceptives can affect the proliferation of cell, growth and differentiation of tissues in the periodontium. Nowadays recent research has suggested that the newer generation oral contraceptives have less influence on gingival diseases. AIM: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the effect of oral contraceptives on periodontium. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature review was performed; PubMed, PubMed Central and Cochrane Library, Embase, Google Scholar were searched from 1970 up to December 2015 to identify appropriate studies. RESULTS: Out of the total 94 titles appeared 13 articles fulfilled the criteria and were selected for the review. Two articles which were hand searched and one article which was through e-mail was also included. The hormones progesterone and estrogen have direct impact on immune system of the body and thus, affect the pattern and rate of collagen production in the gingiva. Furthermore, the review also shows that longer duration usage of oral contraceptive could lead to poorer oral hygiene status, gingival inflammation and increased susceptibility to periodontal disease. CONCLUSION: There are relatively few studies evaluating the effect of oral contraceptives on periodontium. It was found that oral contraceptives have a marked effect on periodontium. The gingival changes after use of oral contraceptives are pronounced in the first few months and with the passage of time these changes get enhanced.
INTRODUCTION: Oral contraceptives are one of the risk factors for gingival disease. Oral contraceptives can affect the proliferation of cell, growth and differentiation of tissues in the periodontium. Nowadays recent research has suggested that the newer generation oral contraceptives have less influence on gingival diseases. AIM: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the effect of oral contraceptives on periodontium. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature review was performed; PubMed, PubMed Central and Cochrane Library, Embase, Google Scholar were searched from 1970 up to December 2015 to identify appropriate studies. RESULTS: Out of the total 94 titles appeared 13 articles fulfilled the criteria and were selected for the review. Two articles which were hand searched and one article which was through e-mail was also included. The hormones progesterone and estrogen have direct impact on immune system of the body and thus, affect the pattern and rate of collagen production in the gingiva. Furthermore, the review also shows that longer duration usage of oral contraceptive could lead to poorer oral hygiene status, gingival inflammation and increased susceptibility to periodontal disease. CONCLUSION: There are relatively few studies evaluating the effect of oral contraceptives on periodontium. It was found that oral contraceptives have a marked effect on periodontium. The gingival changes after use of oral contraceptives are pronounced in the first few months and with the passage of time these changes get enhanced.
Authors: María Isabel Brusca; Alcira Rosa; Olatz Albaina; María D Moragues; Fernando Verdugo; José Pontón Journal: J Periodontol Date: 2010-07 Impact factor: 6.993
Authors: Jennifer L Robinson; Pamela M Johnson; Karolina Kister; Michael T Yin; Jing Chen; Sunil Wadhwa Journal: Odontology Date: 2019-07-03 Impact factor: 2.634