Tejashree Thippeswamy1, Bhuvana Krishnaswamy2, Girish M Bengalorkar2, Narayanaswamy Mariyappa3. 1. Postgraduate, Department of Pharmacology, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Sri Devaraj Urs University of Higher Education and Research (SDUAHER) , Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka India . 2. Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Sri Devaraj Urs University of Higher Education and Research (SDUAHER) , Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka India . 3. Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Sri Devaraj Urs University of Higher Education and Research (SDUAHER) , Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka India .
Abstract
INTRODUCTION:Post-caesarean section pain can be both stressful and unfavourable. Effective and rapid reduction of pain facilitates early ambulation and care of the new born. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids are used for pain relief but they are associated with adverse effects both in the mother and the child. AIM: To evaluate efficacy and safety of piroxicam and tramadol in post-caesarean section pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Primigravidae who underwent elective caesarean section received eitherpiroxicam 20mg or tramadol 100mg intra-muscularly, following recovery from anaesthesia. Severity of pain was assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and side-effects to study drugs were noted. Rescue analgesic butorphanol 2mg was administered if VAS score was more than four. Patient's satisfaction score was assessed at 12 hours post-operatively. RESULTS: Mean age in piroxicam and tramadol groups were 23.32±3.43 and 22.03±2.0 years respectively. Significant reduction in pain was observed at 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours in both groups (p<0.001). Pain relief was significant at 2, 4 and 8 hours in piroxicam group compared to tramadol. Twenty-one and 12 patients in tramadol and piroxicam groups received rescue analgesic respectively. Sedation and nausea was significantly higher in tramadol group (p<0.001), 46.66% of patients graded their satisfaction score as good and 15% as excellent in piroxicam group. CONCLUSION:Intra-muscular piroxicam was effective in reducing post-caesarean section pain for 24 hours with minimal side-effects compared to tramadol.
RCT Entities:
INTRODUCTION: Post-caesarean section pain can be both stressful and unfavourable. Effective and rapid reduction of pain facilitates early ambulation and care of the new born. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids are used for pain relief but they are associated with adverse effects both in the mother and the child. AIM: To evaluate efficacy and safety of piroxicam and tramadol in post-caesarean section pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Primigravidae who underwent elective caesarean section received either piroxicam 20mg or tramadol 100mg intra-muscularly, following recovery from anaesthesia. Severity of pain was assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and side-effects to study drugs were noted. Rescue analgesic butorphanol 2mg was administered if VAS score was more than four. Patient's satisfaction score was assessed at 12 hours post-operatively. RESULTS: Mean age in piroxicam and tramadol groups were 23.32±3.43 and 22.03±2.0 years respectively. Significant reduction in pain was observed at 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours in both groups (p<0.001). Pain relief was significant at 2, 4 and 8 hours in piroxicam group compared to tramadol. Twenty-one and 12 patients in tramadol and piroxicam groups received rescue analgesic respectively. Sedation and nausea was significantly higher in tramadol group (p<0.001), 46.66% of patients graded their satisfaction score as good and 15% as excellent in piroxicam group. CONCLUSION: Intra-muscular piroxicam was effective in reducing post-caesarean section pain for 24 hours with minimal side-effects compared to tramadol.
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