Yumi Ohmori1,2,3, Hiroto Ito4, Akemi Morita5, Kijo Deura6, Motohiko Miyachi2. 1. Department of Social Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan. Email:yohmori@ncnp.go.jp. 2. Department of Health Promotion and Exercise, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan. 3. Department of Human Care Science, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. 4. Department of Social Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan. 5. Faculty of Nutrition, Koshien University, Hyogo, Japan. 6. Saku Central Hospital, Nagano, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the present study was to determine whether depression was associated with metabolic syndrome and unhealthy behaviours in community residents. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: Using the 2009-2010 baseline data of the Saku Cohort Study, 1,225 men and women who participated in a community health screening were included in the cross-sectional analyses. Depression was assessed using the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. Consistent with the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine's definition, we defined metabolic syndrome as abdominal obesity plus two or more of the following: high blood pressure, hyperglycaemia, and dyslipidaemia. We defined 'pre- and metabolic syndrome' as the presence of one or more of the three criteria in addition to abdominal obesity. RESULTS: There was no significant association between depression and metabolic syndrome. In women, the prevalence of pre- and metabolic syndrome was significantly higher in the depression group than that in the non-depression group (17.5% vs 9.5%, p=0.046), whereas no such significant association was observed in men. Logistic regression analysis showed that depression was associated with unhealthy behavioural factors differently in men and women. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that depression was associated with several unhealthy behavioural factors in both men and women, but depression was associated with pre- and metabolic syndrome only in women. These findings suggest that depression may be a warning sign of metabolic syndrome in women with unhealthy behavioural factors. Psychological factors should be considered in addition to the assessment of physical status.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the present study was to determine whether depression was associated with metabolic syndrome and unhealthy behaviours in community residents. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: Using the 2009-2010 baseline data of the Saku Cohort Study, 1,225 men and women who participated in a community health screening were included in the cross-sectional analyses. Depression was assessed using the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. Consistent with the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine's definition, we defined metabolic syndrome as abdominal obesity plus two or more of the following: high blood pressure, hyperglycaemia, and dyslipidaemia. We defined 'pre- and metabolic syndrome' as the presence of one or more of the three criteria in addition to abdominal obesity. RESULTS: There was no significant association between depression and metabolic syndrome. In women, the prevalence of pre- and metabolic syndrome was significantly higher in the depression group than that in the non-depression group (17.5% vs 9.5%, p=0.046), whereas no such significant association was observed in men. Logistic regression analysis showed that depression was associated with unhealthy behavioural factors differently in men and women. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that depression was associated with several unhealthy behavioural factors in both men and women, but depression was associated with pre- and metabolic syndrome only in women. These findings suggest that depression may be a warning sign of metabolic syndrome in women with unhealthy behavioural factors. Psychological factors should be considered in addition to the assessment of physical status.
Authors: Julia A Sabet; Moa S Ekman; A Sofia Lundvall; Ulf Risérus; Ulrica Johansson; Åsa Öström; Viola Adamsson; Yang Cao; Mussie Msghina; Robert J Brummer Journal: Nutrients Date: 2021-03-10 Impact factor: 5.717