Ignacio Adiego-Calvo1, Ricardo Saviron-Cornudella2, Cristina Martinez-Payo3, Encarna Rubio-Aranda4, Javier Sancho-Sauco3, Ana Isabel Cisneros-Gimeno5, Pilar Perez-Perez2, Diego Lerma-Puertas2, Jaime Whyte-Orozco5. 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: ignacioadiego@gmail.com. 2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain. 3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain. 4. Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. 5. Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Persistent right umbilical vein (PRUV) is a vascular anomaly where the right umbilical vein remains as the only conduit that returns oxygenated blood to the fetus. It has classically been described as associated with numerous defects. We distinguish the intrahepatic variant (better prognosis) and the extrahepatic variant (associated with worse prognosis). The objective of this study was to compare rates of congenital malformations in fetuses with intrahepatic PRUV (I-PRUV) versus singleton pregnancies without risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multicenter, crossover design, comparative study was performed between 2003 and 2013 on fetuses diagnosed with I-PRUV (n=56), and singleton pregnancies without congenital malformation risk factors (n=4050). RESULTS: Fifty-six cases of I-PRUV were diagnosed (incidence 1:770). A statistically significant association between I-PRUV and the presence of congenital malformations (odds ratio 4.321; 95% confidence interval 2.15-8.69) was found. This positive association was only observed with genitourinary malformations (odds ratio 3.038; 95% confidence interval 1.08-8.56). CONCLUSION: Our rate of malformations associated with I-PRUV (17.9%) is similar to previously published rates. I-PRUV has shown a significant increase in the rate of associated malformations, although this association has only been found to be statistically significant in the genitourinary system. Noteworthy is the fact that this comparative study has not pointed to a significant increase in the congenital heart malformation rate. Diagnosis of isolated I-PRUV does not carry a worse prognosis.
OBJECTIVE: Persistent right umbilical vein (PRUV) is a vascular anomaly where the right umbilical vein remains as the only conduit that returns oxygenated blood to the fetus. It has classically been described as associated with numerous defects. We distinguish the intrahepatic variant (better prognosis) and the extrahepatic variant (associated with worse prognosis). The objective of this study was to compare rates of congenital malformations in fetuses with intrahepatic PRUV (I-PRUV) versus singleton pregnancies without risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multicenter, crossover design, comparative study was performed between 2003 and 2013 on fetuses diagnosed with I-PRUV (n=56), and singleton pregnancies without congenital malformation risk factors (n=4050). RESULTS: Fifty-six cases of I-PRUV were diagnosed (incidence 1:770). A statistically significant association between I-PRUV and the presence of congenital malformations (odds ratio 4.321; 95% confidence interval 2.15-8.69) was found. This positive association was only observed with genitourinary malformations (odds ratio 3.038; 95% confidence interval 1.08-8.56). CONCLUSION: Our rate of malformations associated with I-PRUV (17.9%) is similar to previously published rates. I-PRUV has shown a significant increase in the rate of associated malformations, although this association has only been found to be statistically significant in the genitourinary system. Noteworthy is the fact that this comparative study has not pointed to a significant increase in the congenital heart malformation rate. Diagnosis of isolated I-PRUV does not carry a worse prognosis.