I Grande1, J Sanchez-Moreno1, B Sole1, E Jimenez1, C Torrent1, C M Bonnin1, C Varo1, R Tabares-Seisdedos2, V Balanzá-Martínez3, E Valls1, I Morilla1, A F Carvalho4, J L Ayuso-Mateos5, E Vieta6, A Martinez-Aran1. 1. Bipolar Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. 2. Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERSAM, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain. 3. La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERSAM, Valencia, Spain. 4. Department of Clinical Medicine and Translational Psychiatry Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. 5. Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain. 6. Bipolar Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Electronic address: evieta@clinic.ub.es.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cognitive reserve (CR) reflects the capacity of the brain to endure neuropathology, minimize clinical manifestations and successfully complete cognitive tasks. The present study aims to determine whether high CR may constitute a moderator of cognitive functioning in bipolar disorder (BD). METHODS: 102 patients with BD and 32 healthy controls were enrolled. All patients met DSM-IV criteria for I or II BD and were euthymic (YMRS≤6 and HDRS≤8) during a 6-month period. All participants were tested with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, and a Cerebral Reserve Score (CRS) was estimated. Subjects with a CRS below the group median were classified as having low CR, whereas participants with a CRS above the median value were considered to have high CR. RESULTS: Participants with BD with high CR displayed a better performance in measures of attention (digits forward: F=4.554, p=0.039); phonemic and semantic verbal fluency (FAS: F=9.328, p=0.004; and Animal Naming: F=8.532, p=0.006); and verbal memory (short cued recall of California Verbal Learning Test: F=4.236, p=0.046), after multivariable adjustment for potential confounders, including number of admissions and prior psychotic symptoms. LIMITATIONS: The cross-sectional design of the study does not allow the establishment of causal inferences. Additionally, the small size of the sample may have limited some results. CONCLUSIONS: High cognitive reserve may therefore be a valuable construct to explore for predicting neurocognitive performance in patients with BD regarding premorbid status.
BACKGROUND: Cognitive reserve (CR) reflects the capacity of the brain to endure neuropathology, minimize clinical manifestations and successfully complete cognitive tasks. The present study aims to determine whether high CR may constitute a moderator of cognitive functioning in bipolar disorder (BD). METHODS: 102 patients with BD and 32 healthy controls were enrolled. All patients met DSM-IV criteria for I or II BD and were euthymic (YMRS≤6 and HDRS≤8) during a 6-month period. All participants were tested with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, and a Cerebral Reserve Score (CRS) was estimated. Subjects with a CRS below the group median were classified as having low CR, whereas participants with a CRS above the median value were considered to have high CR. RESULTS:Participants with BD with high CR displayed a better performance in measures of attention (digits forward: F=4.554, p=0.039); phonemic and semantic verbal fluency (FAS: F=9.328, p=0.004; and Animal Naming: F=8.532, p=0.006); and verbal memory (short cued recall of California Verbal Learning Test: F=4.236, p=0.046), after multivariable adjustment for potential confounders, including number of admissions and prior psychotic symptoms. LIMITATIONS: The cross-sectional design of the study does not allow the establishment of causal inferences. Additionally, the small size of the sample may have limited some results. CONCLUSIONS: High cognitive reserve may therefore be a valuable construct to explore for predicting neurocognitive performance in patients with BD regarding premorbid status.
Authors: Brisa Solé; Esther Jiménez; Carla Torrent; Maria Reinares; Caterina Del Mar Bonnin; Imma Torres; Cristina Varo; Iria Grande; Elia Valls; Estela Salagre; Jose Sanchez-Moreno; Anabel Martinez-Aran; André F Carvalho; Eduard Vieta Journal: Int J Neuropsychopharmacol Date: 2017-08-01 Impact factor: 5.176
Authors: Ana Costas-Carrera; Marta Mónica Sánchez-Rodríguez; Silvia Cañizares; Antonio Ojeda; Inés Martín-Villalba; Mireia Primé-Tous; Manuel Arturo Rodríguez-Rey; Xavier Segú; Francisco Valdesoiro-Pulido; Roger Borras; Josep Maria Peri; Eduard Vieta Journal: Brain Behav Immun Health Date: 2022-02-07