Y Y Moussa1, S H Tawfik2,3, M M Haiba3, M I Saad4,5, M Y Hanafi3, T M Abdelkhalek6, G A Oriquat7, M A Kamel3. 1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. 2. Molecular Medicine Department, Padova University, Padua, Italy. 3. Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. 4. Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. m.ibrahim1988@hotmail.com. 5. The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. m.ibrahim1988@hotmail.com. 6. Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. 7. Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The present study aimed to evaluate the changes in levels of different independent risk factors for vascular diseases in the rat offspring of maternal obesity and malnutrition as maternal health disturbances are thought to have direct consequences on the offspring health. The effect of postnatal diet on the offspring was also assessed. METHODS: Three groups of female Wistar rats were used (control, obese and malnourished). After the pregnancy and delivery, the offspring were weaned to control diet or high-caloric (HCD) diet and followed up for 30 weeks. Every 5 weeks postnatal, 20 pups (10 males and 10 females) of each subgroup were sacrificed after overnight fasting, the blood sample was obtained, and the rats were dissected out to obtain heart muscle. The following parameters were assessed; lipid profile, NEFA, homocysteine (Hcy), nitric oxide end product (NOx) and myocardial triglyceride content. RESULTS: Maternal obesity and malnutrition caused significant elevation in the body weight, triglycerides, NEFA, Hcy and NOx in the F1 offspring especially those maintained under HCD. Also, the male offspring showed more prominent changes than female offspring. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal malnutrition and obesity may increase the risk of the development of cardiovascular diseases in the offspring, especially the male ones.
PURPOSE: The present study aimed to evaluate the changes in levels of different independent risk factors for vascular diseases in the rat offspring of maternal obesity and malnutrition as maternal health disturbances are thought to have direct consequences on the offspring health. The effect of postnatal diet on the offspring was also assessed. METHODS: Three groups of female Wistar rats were used (control, obese and malnourished). After the pregnancy and delivery, the offspring were weaned to control diet or high-caloric (HCD) diet and followed up for 30 weeks. Every 5 weeks postnatal, 20 pups (10 males and 10 females) of each subgroup were sacrificed after overnight fasting, the blood sample was obtained, and the rats were dissected out to obtain heart muscle. The following parameters were assessed; lipid profile, NEFA, homocysteine (Hcy), nitric oxide end product (NOx) and myocardial triglyceride content. RESULTS:Maternal obesity and malnutrition caused significant elevation in the body weight, triglycerides, NEFA, Hcy and NOx in the F1 offspring especially those maintained under HCD. Also, the male offspring showed more prominent changes than female offspring. CONCLUSIONS:Maternal malnutrition and obesity may increase the risk of the development of cardiovascular diseases in the offspring, especially the male ones.
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