Maria Muzik1,2, Rujuta Umarji3, Minden B Sexton4,5, Margaret T Davis4,5,6. 1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Rachel Upjohn Building, 4250 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. muzik@med.umich.edu. 2. Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA. muzik@med.umich.edu. 3. Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA. 4. Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Rachel Upjohn Building, 4250 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. 5. Ann Arbor Veterans Healthcare Administration, Mental Health Service, 116C, 2215 Fuller Rd., Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA. 6. Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study examines the main and moderating effects of childhood abuse or neglect severity, income, and family social support on the presence of postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS). METHODS: Participants included 183 postpartum mothers who endorsed a history of childhood maltreatment (CM) and enrolled in a longitudinal study of mother and child outcomes. Participants completed questionnaires to assess CM severity, associated societal and maternal characteristics, and depressive symptom severity. RESULTS: The results confirm previously identified links between CM severity and PDS. Further, hierarchical linear regression analyses indicate the interaction of household income and interpersonal support from the family attenuates the relationship between CM severity and PDS. The final model accounted for 29% of the variance of PDS scores, a large effect size. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to demonstrate interrelationships between income and social support on resilience to postpartum psychopathology in childhood trauma-surviving women. Social support appeared to protect against PDS for all mothers in this study while income only conferred a protective effect when accompanied by family support. For clinicians, this implies the need to focus on improving family and other relationships, especially for at-risk mothers.
OBJECTIVES: This study examines the main and moderating effects of childhood abuse or neglect severity, income, and family social support on the presence of postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS). METHODS:Participants included 183 postpartum mothers who endorsed a history of childhood maltreatment (CM) and enrolled in a longitudinal study of mother and child outcomes. Participants completed questionnaires to assess CM severity, associated societal and maternal characteristics, and depressive symptom severity. RESULTS: The results confirm previously identified links between CM severity and PDS. Further, hierarchical linear regression analyses indicate the interaction of household income and interpersonal support from the family attenuates the relationship between CM severity and PDS. The final model accounted for 29% of the variance of PDS scores, a large effect size. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to demonstrate interrelationships between income and social support on resilience to postpartum psychopathology in childhood trauma-surviving women. Social support appeared to protect against PDS for all mothers in this study while income only conferred a protective effect when accompanied by family support. For clinicians, this implies the need to focus on improving family and other relationships, especially for at-risk mothers.
Entities:
Keywords:
Childhood maltreatment; Income; Postpartum depression; Social support; Women
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