Anka Bernhard1, Anne Martinelli2, Katharina Ackermann2, Daniel Saure3, Christine M Freitag2. 1. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Deutschordenstraße 50, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Electronic address: anka.bernhard@kgu.de. 2. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Deutschordenstraße 50, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. 3. Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics (IMBI), University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.3, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To summarize findings of previous studies on the prevalence of trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Conduct Disorder (CD). METHOD: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following the PRISMA guidelines. EBSCOhost, PubMed, CDSR and ARIF databases were searched in October 2016, employing relevant keywords. RESULTS: 19 studies met inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis resulted in a lifetime PTSD prevalence of 11% (95% CI: 7-17%) in children and adolescents with CD, 14% (95% CI: 12-15%) in adults with pre-existing CD and 32% (95% CI: 25-40%) in juvenile offenders with CD. Higher lifetime PTSD prevalence was observed in individuals with than without CD, and in females compared to males with CD. CONCLUSIONS: Studies focusing on the association of trauma, PTSD and CD are still relatively rare. Possible comorbidity models are discussed considering psychological and biological risk factors in a comprehensive model. The high rate of PTSD in CD may be due to shared risk factors; furthermore, CD might increase the risk for comorbid PTSD due to CD inherent risk taking behavior. To study pathways of risk, especially longitudinal studies are necessary.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize findings of previous studies on the prevalence of trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Conduct Disorder (CD). METHOD: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following the PRISMA guidelines. EBSCOhost, PubMed, CDSR and ARIF databases were searched in October 2016, employing relevant keywords. RESULTS: 19 studies met inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis resulted in a lifetime PTSD prevalence of 11% (95% CI: 7-17%) in children and adolescents with CD, 14% (95% CI: 12-15%) in adults with pre-existing CD and 32% (95% CI: 25-40%) in juvenile offenders with CD. Higher lifetime PTSD prevalence was observed in individuals with than without CD, and in females compared to males with CD. CONCLUSIONS: Studies focusing on the association of trauma, PTSD and CD are still relatively rare. Possible comorbidity models are discussed considering psychological and biological risk factors in a comprehensive model. The high rate of PTSD in CD may be due to shared risk factors; furthermore, CD might increase the risk for comorbid PTSD due to CD inherent risk taking behavior. To study pathways of risk, especially longitudinal studies are necessary.
Authors: Christine M Freitag; Kerstin Konrad; Christina Stadler; Stephane A De Brito; Arne Popma; Sabine C Herpertz; Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann; Inga Neumann; Meinhard Kieser; Andreas G Chiocchetti; Christina Schwenck; Graeme Fairchild Journal: Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 2018-06-09 Impact factor: 4.785
Authors: Linda Kersten; Noortje Vriends; Martin Steppan; Nora M Raschle; Martin Praetzlich; Helena Oldenhof; Robert Vermeiren; Lucres Jansen; Katharina Ackermann; Anka Bernhard; Anne Martinelli; Karen Gonzalez-Madruga; Ignazio Puzzo; Amy Wells; Jack C Rogers; Roberta Clanton; Rosalind H Baker; Liam Grisley; Sarah Baumann; Malou Gundlach; Gregor Kohls; Miguel A Gonzalez-Torres; Eva Sesma-Pardo; Roberta Dochnal; Helen Lazaratou; Zacharias Kalogerakis; Aitana Bigorra Gualba; Areti Smaragdi; Réka Siklósi; Dimitris Dikeos; Amaia Hervás; Aranzazu Fernández-Rivas; Stephane A De Brito; Kerstin Konrad; Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann; Graeme Fairchild; Christine M Freitag; Arne Popma; Meinhard Kieser; Christina Stadler Journal: Front Behav Neurosci Date: 2017-11-06 Impact factor: 3.558
Authors: Marc Schmid; Janine Lüdtke; Claudia Dolitzsch; Sophia Fischer; Anne Eckert; Jörg M Fegert Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2020-01-07 Impact factor: 3.295