Wojciech Polom1, Marcin Markuszewski2, Wojciech Cytawa3, Piotr Czapiewski4, Piotr Lass3, Marcin Matuszewski2. 1. Urology Department, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland. Electronic address: wojtek.polom@gmail.com. 2. Urology Department, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland. 3. Nuclear Medicine Department, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland. 4. Pathomorphology Department, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Pathology Department, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to compare 2 methods of the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) procedure in bladder cancer: we applied technetium radiocolloid (RadCol) detected by a gamma ray detection probe, and indocyanine green (ICG) detected by a near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) camera. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The SLNB was performed on 50 patients using the RadCol and the ICG, followed by a lymphadenectomy and a pathologic examination. RESULTS: In the analyzed group of 47 patients (3 patients were excluded owing to the lack of lymphatic drainage from the tumor), the SLNB was performed using the 2 methods. The ICG with a NIRF-guided camera detected all sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in 46 cases, whereas RadCol detected them in 45 cases. In 12 (25.6%) of 47 patients, the ICG-fluorescent method revealed more SLNs than the RadCol method. In 8 (17%) patients, the SLNs revealed in the ICG fluorescence were metastatic. In 3 (6.4%) patients, we found SLNs outside the standard lymphadenectomy template, but a histopathologic examination showed they were negative for cancer. In 3 (6.4%) patients, the SLNs detected by both methods were negative for cancer, but other resected lymph nodes revealed metastases. CONCLUSION: Our study shows that SLNB procedure with the RadCol or the ICG method is useful for the evaluation of lymph nodes in bladder cancer. The new ICG fluorescent technique with a NIRF camera system is safe, enables live view of the results of the procedure, and does not create additional costs. However, it highlights more lymph nodes than the radioactive method.
INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to compare 2 methods of the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) procedure in bladder cancer: we applied technetium radiocolloid (RadCol) detected by a gamma ray detection probe, and indocyanine green (ICG) detected by a near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) camera. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The SLNB was performed on 50 patients using the RadCol and the ICG, followed by a lymphadenectomy and a pathologic examination. RESULTS: In the analyzed group of 47 patients (3 patients were excluded owing to the lack of lymphatic drainage from the tumor), the SLNB was performed using the 2 methods. The ICG with a NIRF-guided camera detected all sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in 46 cases, whereas RadCol detected them in 45 cases. In 12 (25.6%) of 47 patients, the ICG-fluorescent method revealed more SLNs than the RadCol method. In 8 (17%) patients, the SLNs revealed in the ICG fluorescence were metastatic. In 3 (6.4%) patients, we found SLNs outside the standard lymphadenectomy template, but a histopathologic examination showed they were negative for cancer. In 3 (6.4%) patients, the SLNs detected by both methods were negative for cancer, but other resected lymph nodes revealed metastases. CONCLUSION: Our study shows that SLNB procedure with the RadCol or the ICG method is useful for the evaluation of lymph nodes in bladder cancer. The new ICG fluorescent technique with a NIRF camera system is safe, enables live view of the results of the procedure, and does not create additional costs. However, it highlights more lymph nodes than the radioactive method.
Authors: Daphne D D Rietbergen; Erik J van Gennep; Gijs H KleinJan; Maarten Donswijk; Renato A Valdés Olmos; Bas W van Rhijn; Henk G van der Poel; Fijs W B van Leeuwen Journal: Clin Nucl Med Date: 2022-06-18 Impact factor: 10.782
Authors: Maciej Nowacki; Margarita Peterson; Tomasz Kloskowski; Eleanor McCabe; Delia Cortes Guiral; Karol Polom; Katarzyna Pietkun; Barbara Zegarska; Marta Pokrywczynska; Tomasz Drewa; Franco Roviello; Edward A Medina; Samy L Habib; Wojciech Zegarski Journal: Oncotarget Date: 2017-08-31
Authors: Labrinus van Manen; Henricus J M Handgraaf; Michele Diana; Jouke Dijkstra; Takeaki Ishizawa; Alexander L Vahrmeijer; Jan Sven David Mieog Journal: J Surg Oncol Date: 2018-06-24 Impact factor: 3.454