[Skier's thumb].

Over a period of 9 years (1979-1988), more than 1000 patients have been seen in the Department of Hand Surgery with a tentative diagnosis of skier's thumb or a painful metacarpophalangeal of the thumb. Most injuries were treated conservatively, but 562 operations on the ulnar collateral ligament were done during this period. An X-ray Film was taken in all cases to exclude a fracture. The indications for an operation depend on the clinical symptoms. Swelling, pain just over the ulnar collateral ligament, and instability of the joint with a widening of the ulnar aspect of the joint of more than 30 degrees in comparison to the other hand are typical clinical symptoms, which together with the widening in the flexion position, prove a rupture of the collateral ligament. As part of our standard examination we take X-ray films of the hand in two projections to exclude a fracture, followed by abducted stress views in comparison to the other side. The best results were obtained when surgical therapy was performed within the first 8 days. Fractures of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb were operated on by pin wire fixation of the bone fragment in the anatomically correct position along with temporary transarticular pin wire arthrodesis. In ligamentous ruptures, periostal sutures together with a temporary arthrodesis were carried out. Old injuries without sufficient regeneration of the ligament and capsule necessitated plastic surgery using the long pulmar tendon or a PDS wire. In each case the joint was immobilized with a cast for 5-6 weeks, followed by active physiotherapy.