Atrial Fibrillation in Cardiac Sarcoidosis.

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease that affects the myocardium. Although ventricular arrhythmias are well known manifestations of cardiac involvement, there is increasing evidence that a significant proportion of patients with cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) also have atrial arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation being the most frequent. The incidence and mechanism of atrial fibrillation in CS is not precisely known. The management of atrial fibrillation in patients with CS is currently done according to the general guidelines for management of atrial fibrillation. Evidence is emerging regarding the additional role of immunosuppression for the treatment of atrial arrhythmias in CS. This paper reviews the incidence, possible mechanisms and treatment strategies of atrial fibrillation in patients with CS.