Živile Riispere1, Arvydas Laurinavičius2, Anne Kuudeberg1, Elviira Seppet3, Kristin Sepp4, Madis Ilmoja4, Merike Luman5, Külli Kõlvald3, Asta Auerbach5, Mai Ots-Rosenberg6. 1. Institute of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia. 2. Vilnius University and National Centre of Pathology, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania. 3. Department of Internal Medicine, Tartu University and Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia. 4. West-Tallinn Central Hospital, Tallinn, Estonia. 5. North Estonia Medical Centre, Tallinn, Estonia. 6. Department of Internal Medicine, Tartu University and Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia. Electronic address: Mai.Rosenberg@kliinikum.ee.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most frequent glomerular disease worldwide and one of the main causes of chronic kidney disease. We aimed to investigate clinicopathological correlations in IgAN patients by gender. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was based on a retrospective analysis of renal biopsy data and clinical manifestations of the disease. Consecutive 73 biopsy-proven IgAN cases of male (62%) and female (38%) patients were investigated. Renal biopsies were reviewed using the new Oxford classification assessing the MEST (mesangial hypercellularity, endocapillary hypercellularity, segmental sclerosis/adhesion, tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis) score. The most powerful IgAN prognostic risk factors, morphological (segmental glomerulosclerosis and tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis) as well as clinical (proteinuria and hypertension) were taken into account in the correlation analysis. The mean rate of renal function decline was expressed as a slope of eGFR during the follow-up (FU) dividing delta GFR with the FU years. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 33.7 years (range, 16-76). Follow-up data were available for 64 patients with the mean follow-up of 4.1 years. The mean proteinuria at biopsy was 0.79g/24h. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was 94.5±16.7mmHg and 7% of the patients were hypertensive. The initial mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 94.9±30.7mL/min, at the end of the follow-up it was 86.2±27.1mL/min. The mean rate of renal function decline was -3.4±11.9mL/min/1.73m2 per year in males (P<0.05) and -0.7±5.3mL/min/1.73m2 per year in females. The Spearman correlation analysis confirmed a higher MEST score in the whole cohort and in males correlated with disease progression. In patients with proteinuria below 1.0g/24h, disease progression was faster in males. CONCLUSIONS: According to the correlation analysis of the main prognostic risk factors, affecting the progression of IgAN, we can conclude that IgA nephropathy in males progresses more rapidly compared to females.
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most frequent glomerular disease worldwide and one of the main causes of chronic kidney disease. We aimed to investigate clinicopathological correlations in IgANpatients by gender. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was based on a retrospective analysis of renal biopsy data and clinical manifestations of the disease. Consecutive 73 biopsy-proven IgAN cases of male (62%) and female (38%) patients were investigated. Renal biopsies were reviewed using the new Oxford classification assessing the MEST (mesangial hypercellularity, endocapillary hypercellularity, segmental sclerosis/adhesion, tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis) score. The most powerful IgAN prognostic risk factors, morphological (segmental glomerulosclerosis and tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis) as well as clinical (proteinuria and hypertension) were taken into account in the correlation analysis. The mean rate of renal function decline was expressed as a slope of eGFR during the follow-up (FU) dividing delta GFR with the FU years. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 33.7 years (range, 16-76). Follow-up data were available for 64 patients with the mean follow-up of 4.1 years. The mean proteinuria at biopsy was 0.79g/24h. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was 94.5±16.7mmHg and 7% of the patients were hypertensive. The initial mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 94.9±30.7mL/min, at the end of the follow-up it was 86.2±27.1mL/min. The mean rate of renal function decline was -3.4±11.9mL/min/1.73m2 per year in males (P<0.05) and -0.7±5.3mL/min/1.73m2 per year in females. The Spearman correlation analysis confirmed a higher MEST score in the whole cohort and in males correlated with disease progression. In patients with proteinuria below 1.0g/24h, disease progression was faster in males. CONCLUSIONS: According to the correlation analysis of the main prognostic risk factors, affecting the progression of IgAN, we can conclude that IgA nephropathy in males progresses more rapidly compared to females.
Authors: Omar A Bokhary; Hanadi M Alhozali; Maha K Alghamdi; Ahmed M Abulfaraj; Abdulaziz S Alkhallagi; Abdulmohsen S Aldharrab; Faisal S Alyahya; Reem A Al Zahrani Journal: Cureus Date: 2021-11-10