Stephen D Waterford1, Marco Di Eusanio2, Marek P Ehrlich3, T Brett Reece4, Nimesh D Desai5, Thoralf M Sundt6, Truls Myrmel7, Thomas G Gleason8, Alberto Forteza9, Carlo de Vincentiis10, Anthony W DiScipio11, Daniel G Montgomery12, Kim A Eagle12, Eric M Isselbacher13, Anja Muehle14, Aamir Shah1, Daisy Chou1, Christoph A Nienaber15, Ali Khoynezhad16. 1. Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, Calif. 2. Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. 3. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. 4. Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colo. 5. Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. 6. Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. 7. Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Tromsoe, Tromsoe, Norway. 8. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pa. 9. Cardiac Surgery Department, Hospital Quiron Madrid, Madrid, Spain. 10. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy. 11. Division of Surgery, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH. 12. Cardiovascular Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. 13. Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. 14. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. 15. Cardiology and Aortic Center, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom. 16. Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, Calif. Electronic address: Akhoy@cshs.org.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Postoperative myocardial infarction remains a serious complication in cardiac surgery. The incidence and impact of this condition in acute type A aortic dissection are poorly understood. METHODS: A total of 1445 patients with acute type A aortic dissection who underwent surgery were enrolled in the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection from 1996 to 2013. Individuals with preoperative myocardial infarction at hospital presentation and a history of myocardial infarction were excluded. Patients with postoperative myocardial infarction (n = 38, 2.6%) were compared with those without postoperative myocardial infarction (n = 1407, 97.4%). RESULTS: The postoperative myocardial infarction group was more often of white race (100% vs 90%, P = .043) with bicuspid aortic valve (15.6% vs 4.5%, P = .015). Imaging demonstrated more aortic root involvement (75.8% vs 49.5%, P = .003), pericardial effusion (65.5% vs 44.1%, P = .022), and coronary artery compromise (27.3% vs 10.2%, P = .022). Patients with postoperative myocardial infarction were more frequently hypotensive or in shock during surgery (42.9% vs 25.5%, P = .021). Patients with postoperative myocardial infarction were more likely to have undergone root replacement (54.5% vs 33.3%, P = .011), coronary artery bypass grafting (28.6% vs 7.4%, P < .001), or aortic valve replacement (40.0% vs 23.8%, P = .027), and less likely to have had complete arch replacement (2.8% vs 14.0%, P = .050). Median circulatory arrest time was higher in postoperative myocardial infarction (60 vs 38 minutes, P = .024). In-hospital mortality (57.9% vs 16.3%, P < .001) and Kaplan-Meier estimates of 5-year mortality (P = .007) were distinctly higher in postoperative myocardial infarction. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative myocardial infarction is a devastating complication of type A aortic dissection repair. It is associated with bicuspid aortic valve, root involvement, pericardial effusion, and extent of surgical repair. Patients with postoperative myocardial infarction have higher serious postoperative complications, in-hospital mortality, and 5-year mortality rates than those without postoperative myocardial infarction. Copyright Â
OBJECTIVE:Postoperative myocardial infarction remains a serious complication in cardiac surgery. The incidence and impact of this condition in acute type A aortic dissection are poorly understood. METHODS: A total of 1445 patients with acute type A aortic dissection who underwent surgery were enrolled in the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection from 1996 to 2013. Individuals with preoperative myocardial infarction at hospital presentation and a history of myocardial infarction were excluded. Patients with postoperative myocardial infarction (n = 38, 2.6%) were compared with those without postoperative myocardial infarction (n = 1407, 97.4%). RESULTS: The postoperative myocardial infarction group was more often of white race (100% vs 90%, P = .043) with bicuspid aortic valve (15.6% vs 4.5%, P = .015). Imaging demonstrated more aortic root involvement (75.8% vs 49.5%, P = .003), pericardial effusion (65.5% vs 44.1%, P = .022), and coronary artery compromise (27.3% vs 10.2%, P = .022). Patients with postoperative myocardial infarction were more frequently hypotensive or in shock during surgery (42.9% vs 25.5%, P = .021). Patients with postoperative myocardial infarction were more likely to have undergone root replacement (54.5% vs 33.3%, P = .011), coronary artery bypass grafting (28.6% vs 7.4%, P < .001), or aortic valve replacement (40.0% vs 23.8%, P = .027), and less likely to have had complete arch replacement (2.8% vs 14.0%, P = .050). Median circulatory arrest time was higher in postoperative myocardial infarction (60 vs 38 minutes, P = .024). In-hospital mortality (57.9% vs 16.3%, P < .001) and Kaplan-Meier estimates of 5-year mortality (P = .007) were distinctly higher in postoperative myocardial infarction. CONCLUSIONS:Postoperative myocardial infarction is a devastating complication of type A aortic dissection repair. It is associated with bicuspid aortic valve, root involvement, pericardial effusion, and extent of surgical repair. Patients with postoperative myocardial infarction have higher serious postoperative complications, in-hospital mortality, and 5-year mortality rates than those without postoperative myocardial infarction. Copyright Â