Ane Simony1, Leah Y Carreon2, Karen Hoejmark Hansen2, Mikkel O Andersen2. 1. Center for Spine Surgery & Research, Middelfart Hospital, Ostre Hougvej 55, 5500 Middelfart, Denmark. Electronic address: Ane.simony1@rsyd.dk. 2. Center for Spine Surgery & Research, Middelfart Hospital, Ostre Hougvej 55, 5500 Middelfart, Denmark.
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional. OBJECTIVE: To develop a psychometrically reliable and valid Danish version of the Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (SAQ). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The SAQ was developed as a disease-specific measure of quality of life in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), specifically for younger patients, as it has more visual cues than verbal questions. A reliable and valid Danish Version is not available. METHODS: A Danish version of the SAQ was developed using previously published and widely accepted guidelines. The final Danish SAQ and the Danish SRS22-R were administered to 78 AIS patients two weeks apart. Baseline and follow-up scores were compared. Cronbach's α and intraclass correlations were used to determine reliability. Correlation of SAQ domains with SRS-22R domains was calculated. Discriminative properties were compared by computing effect size and standardized response mean. RESULTS: Fifty-one patients returned both the baseline and follow-up questionnaires, with an average age 16 ± 3 years and 40.8 ± 28.8 days between baseline and follow-up. There were no floor or ceiling effects for SAQ Appearance. There was a low floor effect and moderate ceiling effect for SAQ Expectations. There was good to excellent internal consistency within each domain. CONCLUSION: This purpose of this study was to translate and validate a Danish version of the SAQ. Although problems were identified with items 7 and 8, the Danish SAQ is reliable and valid.
STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional. OBJECTIVE: To develop a psychometrically reliable and valid Danish version of the Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (SAQ). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The SAQ was developed as a disease-specific measure of quality of life in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), specifically for younger patients, as it has more visual cues than verbal questions. A reliable and valid Danish Version is not available. METHODS: A Danish version of the SAQ was developed using previously published and widely accepted guidelines. The final Danish SAQ and the Danish SRS22-R were administered to 78 AISpatients two weeks apart. Baseline and follow-up scores were compared. Cronbach's α and intraclass correlations were used to determine reliability. Correlation of SAQ domains with SRS-22R domains was calculated. Discriminative properties were compared by computing effect size and standardized response mean. RESULTS: Fifty-one patients returned both the baseline and follow-up questionnaires, with an average age 16 ± 3 years and 40.8 ± 28.8 days between baseline and follow-up. There were no floor or ceiling effects for SAQ Appearance. There was a low floor effect and moderate ceiling effect for SAQ Expectations. There was good to excellent internal consistency within each domain. CONCLUSION: This purpose of this study was to translate and validate a Danish version of the SAQ. Although problems were identified with items 7 and 8, the Danish SAQ is reliable and valid.