Christine Graf1, Nina Ferrari1. 1. Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute for Movement and Neuroscience, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Juvenile obesity is associated with multiple cardiometabolic comorbidities, which may culminate in the metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS: Based on a narrative review, the current knowledge of prevalence and the underlying metabolic principles regarding juvenile obesity and MetS are summarized to compile up-to-date information. In addition, the role of lifestyle as well as positive and negative influencing factors are focused on. RESULTS: The prevalence of MetS occurs between 1 and up to 23% in the total pediatric population and in up to 60% amongst the obese and overweight. It can be considered as the consequence of multiple processes in terms of lifestyle, perinatal programming, and (epi-)genetic pathways; however, the complex underlying mechanisms and their interplay are not completely understood. CONCLUSION: Besides preventive approaches, the growing number of obese children and youth as well as its consequences call for effective and lasting therapeutic measures.
BACKGROUND:Juvenile obesity is associated with multiple cardiometabolic comorbidities, which may culminate in the metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS: Based on a narrative review, the current knowledge of prevalence and the underlying metabolic principles regarding juvenile obesity and MetS are summarized to compile up-to-date information. In addition, the role of lifestyle as well as positive and negative influencing factors are focused on. RESULTS: The prevalence of MetS occurs between 1 and up to 23% in the total pediatric population and in up to 60% amongst the obese and overweight. It can be considered as the consequence of multiple processes in terms of lifestyle, perinatal programming, and (epi-)genetic pathways; however, the complex underlying mechanisms and their interplay are not completely understood. CONCLUSION: Besides preventive approaches, the growing number of obesechildren and youth as well as its consequences call for effective and lasting therapeutic measures.
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