Identification of non-coding and coding RNAs in porcine endometrium.

One of the most critical periods of embryonic loss in pig is day 12 of pregnancy, when implantation begins. Here, we analyzed the gene expression on day 12 of pregnancy and non-pregnancy in the porcine endometrium using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). 237 mRNAs, 34 lncRNAs and 1 miRNA were significantly differentially expressed between the two groups. Further functional analyses were conducted to identify these differentially expressed transcripts. The results demonstrated that they participate in various biological processes, such as cell adhesion, binding, nucleic and metabolic processes. In addition, our results showed that the differentially expressed genes (IL1R, FGF9, DUPS10, DUPS4, CD14 and MAP4K4) in MAPK pathway, and lncRNAs of XLOC_2604764 and XLOC_2604756 may play a vital role in regulating embryo implantation. Besides, we investigated the lncRNA-ssc-miR-132-mRNA interactions, aiming to explain the regulatory networks of coding and non-coding genes that contributes to the establishment of the maternal pregnancy.