Non-scaling behavior of electroosmotic flow in voltage-gated nanopores.

Ionic transport through nanopores is of fundamental importance for the design and development of nanofiltration membranes and novel electrochemical devices including supercapacitors, fuel cells and batteries. Recent experiments have shown an unusual variation of electrical conductance with the pore size and the electrolyte parameters that defies conventional scaling relations. Here ionic transport through voltage-gated nanopores was studied by using the classical density functional theory for ion distributions in combination with the Navier-Stokes equation for the electroosmotic flow. We identified a significant influence of the gating potential on the scaling behavior of the conductance with changes in the pore size and the salt concentration. For ion transport in narrow pores with a high gating voltage, the conductivity shows an oscillatory dependence on the pore size owing to the strong overlap of electric double layers.