Yunus Yavuz1, Zarife Nigar Özdemir Kumral2, Gülsün Memi3, Özge Dağdeviren Çevik4, Cumhur Yeğen5, Berrak Ç Yeğen6. 1. Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey. 2. Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Basibüyük Mah Maltepe Basibüyük Yolu No. 9/1 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey. 3. Kesan Health School, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey. 4. Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey. 5. Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey. 6. Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Basibüyük Mah Maltepe Basibüyük Yolu No. 9/1 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey. byegen@marmara.edu.tr.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and prosthesis placement on gastric emptying rate in conjunction with serum ghrelin-obestatin-leptin responses in non-obese rats with intact or denervated afferent innervation. METHODS: Under anesthesia, male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent either sham operation, RYGB, prosthesis, and/or Gregory cannula placement. Three weeks later, liquid or solid gastric emptying tests were performed and serum ghrelin, leptin and obestatin levels were measured. RESULTS: Both prosthesis placement and RYGB surgery delayed non-nutrient liquid emptying; while solid nutrient emptying was delayed only by RYGB. Nutrient-dependent (acid, hyperosmolal and peptone) delay in liquid emptying was abolished in rats with prosthesis. By vagal afferent denervation, delayed liquid emptying was abolished, while solid emptying was further delayed in rats with prosthesis. Ghrelin and obestatin levels were depressed in prosthesis-placed rats, but RYGB surgery had no impact on both levels. Leptin level was elevated in solid-food-given rats with prosthesis, but not changed in RYGB group, while it was reduced following liquid meal. All the changes observed in ghrelin, obestatin, or leptin levels in response to meal ingestion were reversed with vagal afferent denervation. CONCLUSIONS: Both RYGB and prosthesis placement had delaying effects on gastric emptying rate of non-obese rats. Our results indicate that the short-term changes in gastric motility and hormone responses induced by volume reduction are reversed by afferent denervation, suggesting that sparing the vagal innervation could be essential for reaching optimum motility and hormone changes expected after bariatric surgery.
BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and prosthesis placement on gastric emptying rate in conjunction with serum ghrelin-obestatin-leptin responses in non-obeserats with intact or denervated afferent innervation. METHODS: Under anesthesia, male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent either sham operation, RYGB, prosthesis, and/or Gregory cannula placement. Three weeks later, liquid or solid gastric emptying tests were performed and serum ghrelin, leptin and obestatin levels were measured. RESULTS: Both prosthesis placement and RYGB surgery delayed non-nutrient liquid emptying; while solid nutrient emptying was delayed only by RYGB. Nutrient-dependent (acid, hyperosmolal and peptone) delay in liquid emptying was abolished in rats with prosthesis. By vagal afferent denervation, delayed liquid emptying was abolished, while solid emptying was further delayed in rats with prosthesis. Ghrelin and obestatin levels were depressed in prosthesis-placed rats, but RYGB surgery had no impact on both levels. Leptin level was elevated in solid-food-given rats with prosthesis, but not changed in RYGB group, while it was reduced following liquid meal. All the changes observed in ghrelin, obestatin, or leptin levels in response to meal ingestion were reversed with vagal afferent denervation. CONCLUSIONS: Both RYGB and prosthesis placement had delaying effects on gastric emptying rate of non-obeserats. Our results indicate that the short-term changes in gastric motility and hormone responses induced by volume reduction are reversed by afferent denervation, suggesting that sparing the vagal innervation could be essential for reaching optimum motility and hormone changes expected after bariatric surgery.
Authors: Melinda A Maggard; Lisa R Shugarman; Marika Suttorp; Margaret Maglione; Harvey J Sugerman; Harvey J Sugarman; Edward H Livingston; Ninh T Nguyen; Zhaoping Li; Walter A Mojica; Lara Hilton; Shannon Rhodes; Sally C Morton; Paul G Shekelle Journal: Ann Intern Med Date: 2005-04-05 Impact factor: 25.391
Authors: Barham K Abu Dayyeh; Andres Acosta; Michael Camilleri; Manpreet S Mundi; Elizabeth Rajan; Mark D Topazian; Christopher J Gostout Journal: Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol Date: 2015-12-31 Impact factor: 11.382
Authors: J C Espinós; R Turró; G Moragas; A Bronstone; J N Buchwald; F Mearin; A Mata; H Uchima; J Turró; S Delgado-Aros Journal: Obes Surg Date: 2016-05 Impact factor: 4.129
Authors: Piotr Major; Maciej Matłok; Michał Pędziwiatr; Marcin Migaczewski; Anna Zub-Pokrowiecka; Dorota Radkowiak; Marek Winiarski; Anna Zychowicz; Danuta Fedak; Andrzej Budzyński Journal: Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne Date: 2015-09-11 Impact factor: 1.195