Synchronous papillary urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and squamous cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation: A case report.

The incidence rate of multiple primary tumors is 37% in all types of cancer. A patient diagnosed with primary cancer is 1.29 times more likely to develop an additional primary cancer when compared with the general population. Furthermore, in patients diagnosed with primary cancer, the possibility of a secondary malignancy in the same or different organ is increased. Following the identification of a secondary tumor, the risk of relapse or metastasis must be considered. The present study reports the case of a 76-year-old man who was admitted to Sakarya University Training and Research Hospital (Sakarya, Turkey) with swelling of the head, which had been apparent for 15 days. An excisional biopsy of the temporal region was performed and was used to diagnose the patient with synchronous squamous cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation of the scalp. The patient was referred to the Department of Plastic Surgery (Sakarya University Training and Research Hospital) for resection; however, he refused treatment and was subsequently discharged. To the best of our knowledge, this patient represents the first case of synchronous skin malignancy and urothelial carcinoma of the bladder to be reported in the literature.