Chih-Sheng Chu1, Liang-Yin Ke2, Hua-Chen Chan3, Hsiu-Chua Chan4, Chih-Chieh Chen5, Kai-Hung Cheng6, Hsiang-Chun Lee6, Hsuan-Fu Kuo7, Ching-Tang Chang7, Kuan-Cheng Chang8, Sheng-Hsiung Sheu9, Chu-Huang Chen10, Wen-Ter Lai11. 1. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU) Hospital; ; Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, KMU; ; Center for Lipid Biosciences, KMU Hospital, KMU; ; Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research. 2. Center for Lipid Biosciences, KMU Hospital, KMU; ; Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research; ; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences. 3. Center for Lipid Biosciences, KMU Hospital, KMU; ; Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research; ; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. 4. Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research. 5. Center for Lipid Biosciences, KMU Hospital, KMU. 6. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU) Hospital; ; Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, KMU; ; Center for Lipid Biosciences, KMU Hospital, KMU; ; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. 7. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU) Hospital; ; Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, KMU; ; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. 8. Division of Cardiology. 9. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU) Hospital; ; Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, KMU. 10. Center for Lipid Biosciences, KMU Hospital, KMU; ; Vascular and Medicinal Research, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA; ; L5 Research Center, China Medical University (CMU) Hospital, CMU, Taichung, Taiwan; ; Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. 11. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU) Hospital; ; Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, KMU; ; Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Significantly higher cytotoxic and thrombogenic human electronegative low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or L5, has been found in patients with stable coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome. We hypothesized that the statin-benefit groups (SBGs) defined by the new cholesterol guideline were of higher electronegative L5. METHODS: In total, 62 hyperlipidemia patients (mean age 59.4 ± 10.5, M/F 40/22) were retrospectively divided into SBGs (n = 44) and N-SBGs (n = 18). The levels of complete basic lipid panel, biochemical profile and electronegative L5 of each individual were obtained before and after rosuvastatin 10 mg/day for 3 months. RESULTS: After 3 months' statin therapy, significant reduction of total cholesterol, LDL-C and triglyceride were demonstrated (all p-values < 0.05), with 38.4% LDL-C reduction. The percentage of L5 was significantly reduced by 40.9% (from 4.4% to 2.6%) after statin therapy (p = 0.001). Regarding absolute L5 concentration, derived from L5% multiplied by LDL-C, there was approximate 63.8% reduction (from 6.3 mg/dL to 2.3 mg/dL) of absolute L5 (p < 0.001) after statin treatment. Notably, while plasma LDL-C levels were similar between SBGs and N-SBGs (152.8 ± 48.6 vs. 146.9 ± 35.0 mg/dL), the SBGs had significantly elevated L5% (5.2 ± 7.4% vs. 2.6 ± 1.9%, p = 0.031) and higher absolute L5 concentration (7.4 ± 10.4 vs. 3.7 ± 3.1 mg/dL, p = 0.036). Linear regression showed the significantly positive correlation between the plasma L5 concentration and the 10-year cardiovascular risk by pooled cohort equation (r = 0.297, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The four SBGs defined by the 2013 ACC/AHA new cholesterol guideline tend to have increased atherogenic electronegative L5. Statin therapy can effectively reduce the electronegative L5 of these four major SBGs.
BACKGROUND: Significantly higher cytotoxic and thrombogenic human electronegative low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or L5, has been found in patients with stable coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome. We hypothesized that the statin-benefit groups (SBGs) defined by the new cholesterol guideline were of higher electronegative L5. METHODS: In total, 62 hyperlipidemiapatients (mean age 59.4 ± 10.5, M/F 40/22) were retrospectively divided into SBGs (n = 44) and N-SBGs (n = 18). The levels of complete basic lipid panel, biochemical profile and electronegative L5 of each individual were obtained before and after rosuvastatin 10 mg/day for 3 months. RESULTS: After 3 months' statin therapy, significant reduction of total cholesterol, LDL-C and triglyceride were demonstrated (all p-values < 0.05), with 38.4% LDL-C reduction. The percentage of L5 was significantly reduced by 40.9% (from 4.4% to 2.6%) after statin therapy (p = 0.001). Regarding absolute L5 concentration, derived from L5% multiplied by LDL-C, there was approximate 63.8% reduction (from 6.3 mg/dL to 2.3 mg/dL) of absolute L5 (p < 0.001) after statin treatment. Notably, while plasma LDL-C levels were similar between SBGs and N-SBGs (152.8 ± 48.6 vs. 146.9 ± 35.0 mg/dL), the SBGs had significantly elevated L5% (5.2 ± 7.4% vs. 2.6 ± 1.9%, p = 0.031) and higher absolute L5 concentration (7.4 ± 10.4 vs. 3.7 ± 3.1 mg/dL, p = 0.036). Linear regression showed the significantly positive correlation between the plasma L5 concentration and the 10-year cardiovascular risk by pooled cohort equation (r = 0.297, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The four SBGs defined by the 2013 ACC/AHA new cholesterol guideline tend to have increased atherogenic electronegative L5. Statin therapy can effectively reduce the electronegative L5 of these four major SBGs.
Authors: M Torzewski; M Klouche; J Hock; M Messner; B Dorweiler; J Torzewski; H E Gabbert; S Bhakdi Journal: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Date: 1998-03 Impact factor: 8.311
Authors: Brian Stegman; Rishi Puri; Leslie Cho; Mingyuan Shao; Christie M Ballantyne; Phillip J Barter; M John Chapman; Raimund Erbel; Peter Libby; Joel S Raichlen; Kiyoko Uno; Yu Kataoka; Steven E Nissen; Stephen J Nicholls Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2014-09-04 Impact factor: 19.112