A High-Density Linkage Map of the Ancestral Diploid Strawberry, , Constructed with Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers from the IStraw90 Array and Genotyping by Sequencing.

Makino is recognized as an ancestor of the octoploid strawberry species, which includes the cultivated strawberry, × Duchesne ex Rozier. Here we report the construction of the first high-density linkage map for . The linkage map (Fii map) is based on two high-throughput techniques of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping: the IStraw90 Array (hereafter "Array"), and genotyping by sequencing (GBS). The F generation mapping population was derived by selfing hybrid F1D, the product of a cross between two divergent accessions collected from Hokkaido, Japan. The Fii map consists of seven linkage groups (LGs) and has an overall length of 451.7 cM as defined by 496 loci populated by 4173 markers: 3280 from the Array and 893 from GBS. Comparisons with two versions of the ssp. L. 'Hawaii 4' pseudo-chromosome (PC) assemblies reveal substantial conservation of synteny and colinearity, yet identified differences that point to possible genomic divergences between and , and/or to genomic assembly errors. The Fii map provides a basis for anchoring a genome assembly as a prerequisite for constructing a second diploid reference genome for .