Zoe E Papinczak1, Jason P Connor2, Gerald F X Feeney3, Ross McD Young4, Matthew J Gullo5. 1. Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia; School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia. 2. Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia; Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia; Alcohol and Drug Assessment Unit, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia. 3. Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia; Alcohol and Drug Assessment Unit, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia. 4. Alcohol and Drug Assessment Unit, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia. 5. Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia; Alcohol and Drug Assessment Unit, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia. Electronic address: m.gullo@uq.edu.au.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Relatively few cannabis dependent individuals seek treatment and little is known about the determinants of treatment seeking. Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) provides a useful framework for examining human behaviour and motivation which may be helpful in explaining treatment seeking. This study examined the differences in cannabis outcome expectancies and cannabis refusal self-efficacy between treatment seekers and non-treatment seekers with cannabis dependence. DESIGN: Non-treatment seekers were referred to an illicit drug diversion program. Treatment seekers commenced an outpatient cannabis treatment program and completed a comprehensive assessment that included measures of cannabis outcome expectancies and refusal self-efficacy. SETTING: A public hospital alcohol and drug outpatient clinic. PARTICIPANTS: 269 non-treatment seekers and 195 individuals commencing cannabis dependence treatment. MEASUREMENTS: The Cannabis Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ), Cannabis Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (CRSEQ), Severity of Dependence Scale - Cannabis (SDS-C), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and Readiness to Change Questionnaire (RTC) were completed. FINDINGS: Treatment seekers had significantly higher levels of negative cannabis outcome expectancies and significantly lower levels of emotional relief refusal self-efficacy (belief in ability to resist using cannabis when experiencing negative affect) (ps<0.001). Treatment seekers had significantly higher levels of psychological distress and self-perceived cannabis dependence compared to non-treatment seekers (ps<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: High negative cannabis outcome expectancies and low emotional relief refusal self-efficacy may play a key role in motivation to seek treatment.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Relatively few cannabis dependent individuals seek treatment and little is known about the determinants of treatment seeking. Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) provides a useful framework for examining human behaviour and motivation which may be helpful in explaining treatment seeking. This study examined the differences in cannabis outcome expectancies and cannabis refusal self-efficacy between treatment seekers and non-treatment seekers with cannabis dependence. DESIGN: Non-treatment seekers were referred to an illicit drug diversion program. Treatment seekers commenced an outpatient cannabis treatment program and completed a comprehensive assessment that included measures of cannabis outcome expectancies and refusal self-efficacy. SETTING: A public hospital alcohol and drug outpatient clinic. PARTICIPANTS: 269 non-treatment seekers and 195 individuals commencing cannabis dependence treatment. MEASUREMENTS: The Cannabis Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ), Cannabis Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (CRSEQ), Severity of Dependence Scale - Cannabis (SDS-C), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and Readiness to Change Questionnaire (RTC) were completed. FINDINGS: Treatment seekers had significantly higher levels of negative cannabis outcome expectancies and significantly lower levels of emotional relief refusal self-efficacy (belief in ability to resist using cannabis when experiencing negative affect) (ps<0.001). Treatment seekers had significantly higher levels of psychological distress and self-perceived cannabis dependence compared to non-treatment seekers (ps<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: High negative cannabis outcome expectancies and low emotional relief refusal self-efficacy may play a key role in motivation to seek treatment.
Authors: Jason P Connor; Daniel Stjepanović; Bernard Le Foll; Eva Hoch; Alan J Budney; Wayne D Hall Journal: Nat Rev Dis Primers Date: 2021-02-25 Impact factor: 52.329
Authors: Benjamin Rolland; Fabien D'Hondt; Solène Montègue; Mélanie Brion; Eric Peyron; Julia D'Aviau de Ternay; Philippe de Timary; Mikaïl Nourredine; Pierre Maurage Journal: Neuropsychol Rev Date: 2019-01-03 Impact factor: 7.444
Authors: Sarah A Helseth; John Guigayoma; Dayna Price; Anthony Spirito; Melissa A Clark; Nancy P Barnett; Sara J Becker Journal: JMIR Res Protoc Date: 2022-03-11