Yang Li1, Nancy A Monteiro-Riviere1. 1. Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State University (NICKS), Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.
Abstract
AIM: To assess inflammation, cellular uptake and endocytic mechanisms of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) in human epidermal keratinocytes with and without a protein corona. MATERIALS & METHODS: Human epidermal keratinocytes were exposed to 40 and 80 nm AuNP with lipoic acid, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI) coatings with and without a protein corona up to 48 h. Inhibitors were selected to characterize endocytosis. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: BPEI-AuNP showed the greatest uptake, while PEG-AuNP had the least. Protein coronas decreased uptake and affected their mechanism. AuNP uptake was energy-dependent, except for 40 nm lipoic-AuNP. Most AuNP were internalized by clathrin and lipid raft-mediated endocytosis, except for 40 nm PEG was by raft/noncaveolae mediated endocytosis. Coronas inhibited caveolae-mediated-endocytosis with lipoic acid and BPEI-AuNP and altered 40 nm PEG-AuNP from raft/noncaveolae to clathrin. Inflammatory responses decreased with a plasma corona. Results suggest protein coronas significantly affect cellular uptake and inflammatory responses of AuNP.
AIM: To assess inflammation, cellular uptake and endocytic mechanisms of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) in human epidermal keratinocytes with and without a protein corona. MATERIALS & METHODS:Human epidermal keratinocytes were exposed to 40 and 80 nm AuNP with lipoic acid, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI) coatings with and without a protein corona up to 48 h. Inhibitors were selected to characterize endocytosis. RESULTS & CONCLUSION:BPEI-AuNP showed the greatest uptake, while PEG-AuNP had the least. Protein coronas decreased uptake and affected their mechanism. AuNP uptake was energy-dependent, except for 40 nm lipoic-AuNP. Most AuNP were internalized by clathrin and lipid raft-mediated endocytosis, except for 40 nm PEG was by raft/noncaveolae mediated endocytosis. Coronas inhibited caveolae-mediated-endocytosis with lipoic acid and BPEI-AuNP and altered 40 nm PEG-AuNP from raft/noncaveolae to clathrin. Inflammatory responses decreased with a plasma corona. Results suggest protein coronas significantly affect cellular uptake and inflammatory responses of AuNP.
Entities:
Keywords:
endocytosis; gold nanoparticles; human epidermal keratinocytes; inflammation; mechanisms of cellular uptake; protein corona
Authors: Wen Yang; Alex N Frickenstein; Vinit Sheth; Alyssa Holden; Evan M Mettenbrink; Lin Wang; Alexis A Woodward; Bryan S Joo; Sarah K Butterfield; Nathan D Donahue; Dixy E Green; Abigail G Thomas; Tekena Harcourt; Hamilton Young; Mulan Tang; Zain A Malik; Roger G Harrison; Priyabrata Mukherjee; Paul L DeAngelis; Stefan Wilhelm Journal: Nano Lett Date: 2022-09-01 Impact factor: 12.262