Immobilization of biomolecules on the surface of inorganic nanoparticles for biomedical applications.

Various inorganic nanoparticles have been used for drug delivery, magnetic resonance and fluorescence imaging, and cell targeting owing to their unique properties, such as large surface area and efficient contrasting effect. In this review, we focus on the surface functionalization of inorganic nanoparticles via immobilization of biomolecules and the corresponding surface interactions with biocomponents. Applications of surface-modified inorganic nanoparticles in biomedical fields are also outlined.