Prevalence of external parasites of pigeon in Zabol, southeast of Iran.

External parasites or ectoparasites, are arthropods that live on or in the skin or feathers, using the host as both shelter and food source. Ectoparasites can have significant impacts on animal health and productivity. The aim of this research was to estimate the prevalence and ectoparasites diversity in pigeons of Zabol, southeast of Iran. A total of 264 pigeons were selected randomly (175 males and 89 females) to evaluate the presence of different ectoparasites. Ectoparasites were collected from different parts of the body and from walls and seams of cubbyholes, using hand lens, forceps, and flashlights to increasing the see sight. The samples were preserved in 70 % alcohol and cleared in lactophenol. The overall prevalence of external parasites in pigeon was 78.40 % [female (33.3 %) and male (66.7 %)]. There was no significant difference of infestation of ectoparasites between male and female (P > 0.05). Prevalence was higher in adult pigeons (84.11 %) than pipers (54.0 %). Two species of ectoparasites were identified: Argas reflexus and Columbicola columbae.