Selective inhibition of adrenaline-induced human platelet aggregation by the structurally related Paf antagonist Ro 19-3704.

1. Two non-lipid antagonists of platelet-activating factor acether (Paf), BN 52021 and WEB 2086, at concentrations which completely blocked Paf-induced platelet aggregation, failed to interfere with aggregation by adrenaline. In contrast, Ro 19-3704, a structurally related antagonist of Paf, inhibited concentration-dependently aggregation induced by adrenaline or by the simultaneous addition of submaximal concentrations of adrenaline and Paf. Reversal of aggregation was obtained when Ro 19-3704 was added to the platelet suspension after adrenaline. 2. Ro 19-3704 was selective for Paf and adrenaline since it failed to interfere with platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid or ADP. CV-3988, an antagonist of Paf structurally similar to Ro 19-3704, also inhibited adrenaline-induced aggregation. However, a morpholine analogue (MA) of Paf, which has no anti-Paf activity, failed to interfere with the aggregation induced by adrenaline. This suggests that the effect of Ro 19-3704 and CV-3988 on adrenaline is not simply due to their lipid structure. 3. Experiments on plasma membrane preparations showed that Ro 19-3704 inhibited [3H]-yohimbine binding with an inhibition constant (Ki) of 7 +/- 3 microM. In contrast, BN 52021 and MA did not interfere with [3H]-yohimbine binding. Equilibrium binding experiments showed that Ro 19-3704 increased the apparent KD of [3H]-yohimbine binding from 2.02 +/- 0.15 to 7.3 +/- 0.4 nM. The Paf antagonist Ro 19-3704 interacts specifically with the alpha 2-adrenoceptor and may thus prevent the early steps involved in the mechanism of adrenaline-induced platelet activation.