Sven F Seys1. 1. Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Airway inflammation is considered to be a cardinal feature of asthma. However, the type of airway inflammation is heterogeneous and airway inflammation may even be absent. Biomarkers may help to identify the inflammatory phenotype or endotype, especially now the time has come that targeted therapies enter daily practice. RECENT FINDINGS: Sputum biomarkers have increased our insights into the different inflammatory asthma phenotypes, their response to treatment and their association with progression of disease. New endotypes of type 2 driven inflammation were identified using a multidimensional approach. A specific mast cell subtype has been linked with type 2 driven inflammation and response to inhaled corticosteroids. Advances have been made with regard to sputum cytokine analysis and might also help to guide future treatment of severe asthma. SUMMARY: Identifying the target population for biological therapies will not be possible without the use of biomarkers. Optimized, easy-to-apply, automated methods for sputum analysis (cellular content or soluble markers) need to be developed for implementation of sputum biomarkers in daily clinical practice.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Airway inflammation is considered to be a cardinal feature of asthma. However, the type of airway inflammation is heterogeneous and airway inflammation may even be absent. Biomarkers may help to identify the inflammatory phenotype or endotype, especially now the time has come that targeted therapies enter daily practice. RECENT FINDINGS: Sputum biomarkers have increased our insights into the different inflammatory asthma phenotypes, their response to treatment and their association with progression of disease. New endotypes of type 2 driven inflammation were identified using a multidimensional approach. A specific mast cell subtype has been linked with type 2 driven inflammation and response to inhaled corticosteroids. Advances have been made with regard to sputum cytokine analysis and might also help to guide future treatment of severe asthma. SUMMARY: Identifying the target population for biological therapies will not be possible without the use of biomarkers. Optimized, easy-to-apply, automated methods for sputum analysis (cellular content or soluble markers) need to be developed for implementation of sputum biomarkers in daily clinical practice.
Authors: Sven F Seys; Hans Scheers; Paul Van den Brande; Gudrun Marijsse; Ellen Dilissen; Annelies Van Den Bergh; Pieter C Goeminne; Peter W Hellings; Jan L Ceuppens; Lieven J Dupont; Dominique M A Bullens Journal: Respir Res Date: 2017-02-23
Authors: Joost Brandsma; Victoria M Goss; Xian Yang; Per S Bakke; Massimo Caruso; Pascal Chanez; Sven-Erik Dahlén; Stephen J Fowler; Ildiko Horvath; Norbert Krug; Paolo Montuschi; Marek Sanak; Thomas Sandström; Dominick E Shaw; Kian Fan Chung; Florian Singer; Louise J Fleming; Ana R Sousa; Ioannis Pandis; Aruna T Bansal; Peter J Sterk; Ratko Djukanović; Anthony D Postle Journal: Metabolomics Date: 2018-09-17 Impact factor: 4.290