Stefano R Del Giacco1, Alessandra Cappai2, Luisanna Gambula3, Stefano Cabras4, Silvia Perra5, Paolo Emilio Manconi3, Bernardo Carpiniello6, Federica Pinna6. 1. Department of Medical Sciences "M. Aresu", Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy. Electronic address: stedg@medicina.unica.it. 2. South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. 3. Department of Medical Sciences "M. Aresu", Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy. 4. Department of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy; Department of Statistics, Carlos III University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. 5. Department of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy. 6. Department of Public Health, Psychiatry Unit, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The literature reports a significant association between various mental disorders and asthma, in particular depression and/or anxiety, with some more robust data regarding anxiety disorders. However, the nature of this association remains largely unclear. OBJECTIVES: (1) To test the hypothesis of a specific association of anxiety and depressive disorder (according to the DSM-IV) with asthma and (2) to test the bidirectional hypothesis of causality between asthma and psychiatric disorders. METHODS: Ninety-six adults were compared with 96 control subjects matched according to main socio-demographic variables (i.e., gender, age, marital status, cohabiting/non-cohabiting, and BMI). Subjects with asthma were divided according to GINA and ACT classifications. All subjects underwent Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM-IV Axis I (SCID-I) diagnosis. RESULTS: Significant association between asthma and lifetime anxiety disorders emerged (OR 3.03; p = 0.003); no significant association with other psychiatric diagnosis emerged. Moreover, lifetime and current anxiety were associated with asthma severity levels (p < 0.01 and p = 0.001 based on age). Asthma preceded anxiety in 48% of cases; in 52% of cases, anxiety preceded asthma, without significant group differences. The risk of asthma, particularly of severe, uncontrolled forms (p < 0.01), resulted higher in lifetime anxiety disorder patients (p = 0.003 and p = 0.001 based on age at onset). Current anxiety increased the risk of asthma, and that of an uncontrolled form (p < 0.05). Asthma increased the risk of lifetime anxiety disorders (p = 0.002 and p = 0.018 using ages). Intermittent asthma increased the risk of lifetime and current anxiety disorders (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety disorders, in particular Lifetime Anxiety Disorders, represent the only psychiatric disorder significantly associated with asthma, with a possible bidirectional, anxiety-asthma relationship, each of which can be caused or result from the other.
BACKGROUND: The literature reports a significant association between various mental disorders and asthma, in particular depression and/or anxiety, with some more robust data regarding anxiety disorders. However, the nature of this association remains largely unclear. OBJECTIVES: (1) To test the hypothesis of a specific association of anxiety and depressive disorder (according to the DSM-IV) with asthma and (2) to test the bidirectional hypothesis of causality between asthma and psychiatric disorders. METHODS: Ninety-six adults were compared with 96 control subjects matched according to main socio-demographic variables (i.e., gender, age, marital status, cohabiting/non-cohabiting, and BMI). Subjects with asthma were divided according to GINA and ACT classifications. All subjects underwent Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM-IV Axis I (SCID-I) diagnosis. RESULTS: Significant association between asthma and lifetime anxiety disorders emerged (OR 3.03; p = 0.003); no significant association with other psychiatric diagnosis emerged. Moreover, lifetime and current anxiety were associated with asthma severity levels (p < 0.01 and p = 0.001 based on age). Asthma preceded anxiety in 48% of cases; in 52% of cases, anxiety preceded asthma, without significant group differences. The risk of asthma, particularly of severe, uncontrolled forms (p < 0.01), resulted higher in lifetime anxiety disorderpatients (p = 0.003 and p = 0.001 based on age at onset). Current anxiety increased the risk of asthma, and that of an uncontrolled form (p < 0.05). Asthma increased the risk of lifetime anxiety disorders (p = 0.002 and p = 0.018 using ages). Intermittent asthma increased the risk of lifetime and current anxiety disorders (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Anxiety disorders, in particular Lifetime Anxiety Disorders, represent the only psychiatric disorder significantly associated with asthma, with a possible bidirectional, anxiety-asthma relationship, each of which can be caused or result from the other.
Authors: I Lewkowich; R Ahlbrand; E Johnson; J McAlees; N Nawreen; R Raman; I Lingel; J Hargis; C Hoover; R Sah Journal: Brain Behav Immun Date: 2020-05-04 Impact factor: 7.217
Authors: Frank R Wendt; Gita A Pathak; Joseph D Deak; Flavio De Angelis; Dora Koller; Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza; Dannielle S Lebovitch; Daniel F Levey; Murray B Stein; Henry R Kranzler; Karestan C Koenen; Joel Gelernter; Laura M Huckins; Renato Polimanti Journal: Mol Psychiatry Date: 2022-02-18 Impact factor: 13.437
Authors: Delaney Griffiths; Lauren M Giancola; Kelly Welsh; Kristen MacGlashing; Christine Thayer; Sigfus Gunnlaugsson; Natalie P Stamatiadis; Gabriella C Sierra; Adam Hammond; Kimberly F Greco; Tregony Simoneau; Sachin N Baxi; Jonathan M Gaffin Journal: Pediatr Pulmonol Date: 2020-10-26