Ling Chen1, Cuiyu Yu2, Ning Zhang3, Junjun Liu4, Weiguo Liu5. 1. Department of Clinical Psychology, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Institute, Nanjing, 210024, China. Electronic address: hubbub_kennel@163.com. 2. Department of Neurology, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China. Electronic address: 363422440@qq.com. 3. Department of Clinical Psychology, Nanjing Brain Hospital affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China. Electronic address: zn6360@126.com. 4. Department of Psychiatry, Shanhai Meishan Hospital, Nanjing, China. Electronic address: g6115124@163.com. 5. Department of Neurology, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China. Electronic address: liuweiguo1111@sina.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: A longitudinal (30-month) study of the cognitive changes in Parkinson's disease patients and analysis of influencing factors. METHODS: The cognitive function and related symptoms of 102 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease were assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and relevant scales, at baseline and 30-month follow-up. The t-test, nonparametric tests, and regression analyses were used to evaluate cognitive decline and investigate risk factors for cognitive impairment. RESULTS: From baseline to follow-up, the MMSE and MoCA scores significantly decreased, respectively, from 28.16±2.29 to 26.18±3.64, and from 24.60±4.23 to 21.94±5.47 (both P<0.001). Impairment was observed in multiple cognitive areas, significantly in naming, delayed recall, and orientation (P<0.01). Patients at baseline with postural instability and gait disturbance (PIGD), lower MoCA scores, or depression had a higher risk of cognitive impairment at follow-up (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Cognitive impairment is highly prevalent in Parkinson's disease patients, especially for those with lower MoCA scores, PIGD, and depression. Copyright Â
OBJECTIVE: A longitudinal (30-month) study of the cognitive changes in Parkinson's diseasepatients and analysis of influencing factors. METHODS: The cognitive function and related symptoms of 102 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease were assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and relevant scales, at baseline and 30-month follow-up. The t-test, nonparametric tests, and regression analyses were used to evaluate cognitive decline and investigate risk factors for cognitive impairment. RESULTS: From baseline to follow-up, the MMSE and MoCA scores significantly decreased, respectively, from 28.16±2.29 to 26.18±3.64, and from 24.60±4.23 to 21.94±5.47 (both P<0.001). Impairment was observed in multiple cognitive areas, significantly in naming, delayed recall, and orientation (P<0.01). Patients at baseline with postural instability and gait disturbance (PIGD), lower MoCA scores, or depression had a higher risk of cognitive impairment at follow-up (P<0.01). CONCLUSION:Cognitive impairment is highly prevalent in Parkinson's diseasepatients, especially for those with lower MoCA scores, PIGD, and depression. Copyright Â
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